瓦希德难忘的庆祝活动，欢迎秋季Ilmek 2月14日，2010年。他是印尼华人被确定为国定假日Ilmek，并让中国在印尼使用的符号解放者。他还取消政治耻辱感和提高中国的国家政治舞台。
瓦希德时代之后，在中国的许多这样摄政和市长。即使是一个华裔成为西加里曼丹省副省长。不能，这项服务瓦希德。瓦希德是华裔？
我个人非常熟悉格斯（其中寄宿“兄弟”）持续时间（瓦希德缩写）学校的友好问候。 1998年，在收集了从努民族觉醒书籍资料，我到他家，在Ciganjur。
“他是谁外面？”他问他的私人助理。
“人们格拉梅迪亚出版社，格斯。's的承诺像采访。”
“让直的！”瓦希德说，没有附加条件。
我什至在家里设置脚下是对努创始人的孙子。当时，格斯出生诞生了努党，民族觉醒党。
这两个从在子宫的努时间出生的缔约国。像鸡，后者于两个：一个鸡蛋和其他亨泽。 “拉，蛋白激酶的蛋，”瓦希德说，让我们咯咯.....
在常设开始，我感到非常接近蛋白激酶官员，包括总主席马图里阿卜杜勒贾利尔。我的朋友，我叫努抱负，以及同情者nahdliyin。正确的！那是因为我欣赏怒江，特别是ukhuwah或拉丁词兄弟（兄弟真）的哲学。
现在，战士又回到了博爱khittah（不是1926年，但造物者），所有的生命的起源。在用尽了的宗班，12月在18:45 30次系列，瓦希德永远闭上眼睛。
很难描述了瓦希德的数字。随着apatah他是怎样？
也许最合适的闭卷。前端后盖显现出来。然后，说谎和赤裸裸的在我们面前。然而，无法阅读，更遑论了解的全部内容。
总是有新的想法就扔。此外，这个构想往往望而却步。没有风暴没有下雨，他立即向受害者道歉G30S/PKI的“diganyang和边缘化的”新秩序，目的是消除瓦希德技术咨询MPRS号。 1966年，该法禁止理解马克思主义和共产主义的教授有25名在印尼传播。
当投掷的想法，当然瓦希德是不是在开玩笑。作为努前任主席，以及公民nahdliyin，从标签的“共产主义和PKI瓦希德的权利”的感觉。
Karuan它，密封新秩序的建立和执政立刻成为政治耻辱。谁也不会sealiran和对面的新秩序，直接digasak。由于对政府的行动是叛国。和剧情工程刚刚做了PKI的。
瓦希德知识渊博，报复，政治怨掩埋，而不是出现至今，到现在为止仍然强劲。像风，复仇的形式是不可见的。然而，它的存在可以被视为。
例如，群众情绪这么容易，所以容易燃烧人们犯下的无政府状态。如果种子是不是报复，也不可能这么容易引发骚乱，最后爆发。不经常，对大规模动乱升级。我们不知道匪徒的原因，除了：政治的不满。
政治报复就没有结束，如果不原谅。回覆回覆不会达到最后的字，如果一方不让步。在这种情况下，瓦希德决心咨询MPRS第撤销。 XXV/1966。因此，咨询方案制定后，充满政治收费。双方外交政策的考虑，和国外。
范围内的技术咨询人协的诞生
技术咨询方案的出现，人协XXV/1966脱离上下文。当时，在两个区块：东方和西方世界的分裂。东方集团，由苏联共产主义倾向，领导。与此同时，西方集团由美国领导。
在许多方面，包括寻求海外的影响力，这两个竞争块。通常，竞争是如此尖锐，使冲突双方的思想和身体，不能回避的。
巧合的是，60年代初，印尼是一个国家，共产主义盛行。当然，美国人的担心，作为一个有影响力的亚洲地区，印尼的朋友，否则将与东欧集团国家。因此，有没有其他办法，除了攻击现有的关于公匙基建的麻烦之前，美国的政党组织的政治主唱。
但是，为何在印尼PKI的失败？答案可能不会是黑色和白色。许多研究和理论，试图解释。其中之一，该研究议员。欧莱托恩基斯特的瑞典乌普萨拉大学。
据他说，在印度尼西亚运用马克思主义的理论是错误政务司司长艾地。刀进行PKI的社会分析，当时，不够锐利。公钥基础设施不太清楚，人民（无产阶级）质量有90％支持。托恩基斯特研究了在印度尼西亚的共产主义的失败，在第三世界共产主义，在印度尼西亚销毁PKI的这本书收集的困境。
虽然Kathhy卡达涅，国家新闻社记者谁了从图书馆直接获得林登楼约翰逊，通信berdasarkaan美国大使馆和美国中央情报局在1963至1968年在雅加达说，不能否认中情局是G30S/PKI知识产权演员之一。中情局故意使用了由总公匙基建安理会发表问题的势头。对垄断的公匙基建本身的目标。另外，通过它，希望在东西方对抗，以赢得美国很快。
所以，上述研究中，与军队中央情报局bersekutulah，以努力消除PKI的。这样，以浅色。这则广告的目的是“我们的当地军队的朋友”，由中央情报局发出的秘密文件。
在印尼，在20世纪60年代共产主义的存在，足以引起恐慌的西方阵营。当时，公匙基建记录作为亚洲最古老的政党。当党的45周年在雅加达举行的1965年，估计共党员300万人。有了这个数额，党PKI的迹象，因为第三大共产党在世界上。商业纠纷不包括印度尼西亚（BTI的公匙基建），成员不少于7万美元。
所以，马克思和共产主义的拒绝？
卡尔马克思的共产主义dedengkot，早已远去了。他于3月17日，1883年。没有多少，只有11人有时间去参加葬礼。在资本论著名作家的尸体中规定的高门墓地，在伦敦的城市。
11个参加者是谁在马克思的葬礼目前弗里德里希恩格尔之一是，学生。合计，师生开发出了共产党宣言。有趣的是，在致悼词（讲话导致死亡），卡尔马克思，恩格斯说：“名字，思想和你的工作永远不会死！”
可以，时间恩格尔的话似乎过高。但事实证明，几乎所有的政治主唱和马克思的影响20世纪世界领先的数字。说它斯大林，列宁，毛泽东，卡斯特罗和切格瓦拉，承认与否，吸收和理解马克思，他们自称是马克思主义者。毫无疑问，一半地球上人类认识到作为一个马克思指导和灵感。
神奇，一名犹太男子5月出生berjambang密5 1818年它能够说服人数以亿计，包括人类在内的印度尼西亚。什么是马克思的魅力，扩散到他的教诲？为什么是马克思主义的思想，共产主义有趣吗？
也许是马克思回答是解决方案的一部分，当时许多人。马克思住在当时，许多国家在政治制度，坚持极权主义意识形态。当局这样做，对他的人民和任意行为。
同时，宗教作为一种对上帝legitimator权威的一种手段或人类的道路。其实，不应该对宗教的功能。相反，宗教功能，而不是作为一个解放者，并警告当局始终在正确的（先知）。
正如一位谁下成长起来的，从马克思基层，（直到他去世马克思没有一个明确的国籍），失望。他看到发生的另一名男子对人的剥削。工人要求增加工资。类到处发生冲突，仿佛无穷无尽的。
所有这一切的罪魁祸首当然，社会不公正现象。课堂浸[erlakukan最无辜的是老百姓。这就是为什么马克思要在没有阶级的社会。他希望群众或无产阶级（从Proles =人）摆脱统治者的范围，像一堵墙。
马克思所言，人们仍然是其他压迫者（暴君）。而且由于压迫继续下去，那么上帝透露什么。格言：“上帝死了，”谁来到filsut Nietze，由于马克思的社会意义。
当与一的比例和冷静的头脑扫描，其实是很有意思的马克思主义的思想，与共产党宣言。在共产主义国家，马克思的一个平等的社会主义社会的梦想通过激进的社会变革之后（彻底）革命。这就是为什么，这个想法很有趣，尤其是对那些不能等待谁对社会变革和焦虑的公众，。
毫不奇怪，在独立的最初几年，直到20世纪60年代，马克思的思想，在印度尼西亚disemaikan可以说是蓬勃发展。苏加诺总统在外交，一个朋友与东欧集团国家（共产党），其中包括与中华人民共和国的良好关系，很多的领导人。他甚至成立了雅加达，北京轴。
苏加诺是一个革命性的。他立即站了人，与其他发达国家一致。在努力实现的想法，也许只有看苏加诺公钥基础设施能够支持的梦想。军事机构将不会得到支持，因为士兵antirevolusioner。
正如人们经常声称，苏加诺是不是马克思主义者，也不是共产主义。在反射，公钥基础设施cumalah“朋友”，并与他们一起走对印尼的强大和独立的人。现在这个词，对民间社会。苏加诺是错误的想法呢？如果你看错了，也许是因为他拥抱公匙基建。
如果任何人的错，什么是应该受到谴责的马克思主义，共产主义，或PKI？由于共产党人拒绝上帝的存在？不，正如马克思主义指出，继续承认上帝的存在，而是因为它仍然发生暴政，那么上帝已宣布死亡。上帝将生活，在马克思主义的概念，共产主义，如果暴政是不存在了。难道我们都希望能够抵抗暴政？
在印尼共产党人必须驱逐反复PKI的反抗？坑的，有很多版本。观念已经过头masyakarat对共产党人，谁自从荷兰期间往往被认为是制造麻烦，故意不坏呼出和建造的对手？是背后的公匙基建破坏的名字没有其他干预对立的阵营，如青年贫民，神经免疫，或安索尔的努谁也提醒自己，？术语“komunistofobi”可能不足以解释，真正发生在当时群体之间的相互猜疑。
是否有其他原因，以消除公钥基础设施？由于肇事者perstiwa叛国，G30S/PKI？正如已经说过，科学的研究仍然处于打开其他的可能性 - 除了一个演员的消费物价指数的流血事件。
正因为如此，从分析和政治眼镜看到，标签“共产主义”和“公钥基础设施”实际上是耻辱，当局动用他的政治对手。对于太多的例子。在该命令，例如，由于公匙基建屠杀数百万人的标签。
瓦希德，目前约以消除政治歧视。通过剥夺咨询MPRS XXV/1966，指完成屠宰的合法性，政治对手任意。
瓦希德不想重复过去的痛苦经历。他绝对相信。政治耻辱感是一个在这个国家实现民族和解的主要障碍。
再见，民主活动分子和民族和解的战士。您的报酬在天堂！
Minggu, 31 Januari 2010
Jumat, 29 Januari 2010
When A Rented House Was Gone (short story)
by: R. Masri Sareb Putra
Dusk slowly falling in the arms of the night. Quiet surrounding. Crickets sound like a vibrating guitar strings. Made more soluble in the natural rhythm in the night.
Slowly I got up. I opened a house shutters. Creating moonlight night had visited.
I looked at Irine, my wife. He slept soundly. While I do not feel a shred of drowsiness.
Encouraged desire to imitate the ancient poets of China, I took a pen and scrap paper. Want light I turned shiny yellow ball that night clouds into the language of poetry. But no! Because the night so crawl up. Were my thoughts wander back in time ten years ago....
My love for the first and last on the beauty Irine purest soul. Although the first probably love it as if it was just a coincidence.
Because flooded with fan letters as before. Ah, this is impossible. Where's my responsibility as a husband and father? This is against my heart.
***
This afternoon I met an old acquaintance. I almost forgot who he was. He is the son Mr. Budiman who struggled to help you enter high school where I taught three years ago. It turned out that my efforts are not wasted. The child was accepted. Instead, the star that sent students to deepen education in Canada, with the intent to teach after graduation in high school back home.
"This is just an expression of our gratitude to the father." I'm still rang the words of Mr. Budi holding out a white envelope containing the money when he learned that his son had entered high school.
"Aha, Mr. Budiman. Take it back. It should help each other live people. "I gently declined.
I saw a little disappointed too Budiman. It radiated from her face. However, he increasingly urged me to want to accept it. I refused in the same way. So frustrated was the inclusion of the envelope into my pocket.
The conversation had occurred three years ago. And now Mr. Budiman is really present in front of my eyes.
"I heard the rented house a few days will be exhausted," he said.
"E ... uh, true gentleman," I said.
"Well, coincidence. A month ago I bought a new house from the sale of my garden. The house was fairly oke. I want to know, whether Mr. Rony willing to keep the house occupied as well? Would not it?"
Faced with such an offer, I did not immediately answer bias. Dilemma it. Moreover, my heart was filled with compassion for kindness Budiman, virtuous man as the name suggests.
"Why ... why you're silent? I did not ask for rent. As long as the house was preserved, it is more than enough for me. "Mister Budiman there are no strings attached. He meant.
"I'm not going, sir. But must first ask my wife."
When the news that Mr. Budiman offered his house to tell the Irine place, how his face looked happy. His eyes sparkled.
"Oh, God. Thou omniscient God, "thanksgiving burst from the lips Irine. "Bang Rony Pardamean," she said later to me. "We should give thanks to God because we seemed to get a windfall. It's when our rented house was out of his time. Mr. Budiman's house of course beautiful, is not it? "She asked, curious.
Occurred a pity in my heart to hear it. I guess my soul a little torn. Precisely because my wife is not too demanding something I could not give him as a husband.
Irine is to understand how I am. Suddenly I realized that all this was never happy with the material itself. I just gave her a present of two children are cute and sweet. In fact, if only to pursue material Irine he could. Had not she had ever spoken to Bambang, the final level of medical student when I knew him?
***
By Bambang, Irine could live rich. As a "lady doctor", he could have spoiled life. But no. Irine prefer to live as a lady of letters than the lady doctor. Although conscious choices that led to the edge of a mediocre life. However, it was all done semi piece of love. Love and loyalty to me than anything else. I was just a young man who did not have anything, other than a pen skills. In addition to bearing the title as a freshman majoring in literature of a state university.
Only that, the rest does not exist. Irine was so excited I get to finish college and get to work. In fact, the ideals it was just hanging in space, was never accomplished. I dropped out school because of busy looking for additional income teaching a high school. While enjoying the occasional honorarium of short stories and poetry, newspapers published poems capital. However, Irine never complained. This is what makes me even more love her. Moreover, she never once expressed regret marrying me. She resigned to accept life as it is. Receive me like now.
I shivered. I looked at the foot of the western sky. While the wind pushed in through the window cracks. Cold nights. As cold as the hearts that are contemplating this life. Too cold in the room. Blast of pine leaves and wind.
The moon, that had been dancing in the clouds, gradually falling. In the night wore on, I think the more beautiful scenery. Looming pine trees looked elegant in a dimly lit night loomed. Nature makes it a mysterious mute. Or is it nature, was never told about a lie about the reality of human beings?
"No, Rin, nooo!" I groan. But the weather just heard. I do not make a sound, it was just groaning sadly constricted in the throat alone. I'm afraid to wake the sleeping of Irine.
Indeed yesterday afternoon, Mr. Budi after offer to take her home immediately took me to see. The house is good. Broad and beautiful. Quite far from the hustle and bustle of the city.
"I think, here you will be more conducive to produce compositions," said Mr. Budi. "Besides, the means to write a supporting writing career. You see, instead, there lay green fields that could be inspiration? "Mr. Budi assured me that I live in decent homes. I did not answer. But in my heart I said yes.
Soon it seemed to me a quite luxurious home-style Spanish few yards behind. Encouraged desire to know the owner, I immediately asked.
"The house was neat anyone have?" I ventured to ask, just drive to know.
"Oh, it was the home of a doctor!"
"Wow, cool. Apparently, we'll be neighbors with the doctor. A coincidence, if necessary, medical assistance, not to far away. "
"Yes, the doctor was very popular in the community."
"What's his name?"
"Doctor Bambang."
"That's it?"
"In detail, Bambang Eka Budi Susila."
"Bambang Eka Budi Susila?" I do not believe it as his own.
"Yes, as you mentioned."
Mr. Budiman told that Doctor Bambang Eka Budi Susila just returned from service in the interior of Borneo. And the house that now occupies the former home of a businessman who exports and imports now moved to America.
"Apparently Mr. Rony familiar with Bambang Eka Budi Susila?"
I like an electric current. Apparently Mr. Budi see my face change in the water. Wistful face haunts me. Interrupted hope to soon occupy a new rented house.
No. No way I'm going next door to the former doctor's ex-girlfriend Irine. He was so successful. As for me? I failed miserably. Not only failed Irine happy, but particularly because they feel unable to compete materially with Bambang, uh Doctor Bambang.
***
I imagined how melting as a man of my pride in her eyes. Even more in the eyes IRIN, my wife. He could still accept me in this state? Is her love fades? Meanwhile, next door to the eyes of his head to see someone who had the luxury of his application he had hue.
Bambang is not an angel, certainly she was hurt and revenge. It could be done by showing off wealth. Let Irine drooling and eventually regret his decision. Or if necessary to destroy household painstakingly built.
If you want to avoid cracks household, means I have to find a new rental house. But this possibility is impossible. Only three more days of our rented house rent out. We must get ready to leave. Can I seek a place for shelter, even though like a shack? No! The problem is, why I could not find another home if the house has to offer Mr. Budi was't fit my taste or taste my wife?
Without giving certainty to Mr. Budi, I immediately take her home. My reason, maagku disease relapse.
Arriving at home, not the grass Irine remarkably cheerful when I tell you. Her eyes sparkled with hope. Filled with curiosity, she immediately asked, "The house meets health standards you bang?"
"No!" I said curtly. "We can not occupy it."
"Why, why? Is that bad?"
"Not bad, actually too good. But I never want to live there."
I enjoy a cigarette sam soe. Then inhale deeply. Billowing white smoke, curling. How to live like this. Rolling, and then disappeared.
"Is the house near the cemetery?" Irine pressuring again. I was just silent.
"Is there a devil in there?" Irine more whining.
"Shut up!" I snapped at him. Irine crying. I stared out blankly. Vacuum. As I recall, during the eight years of our marriage, this is the first time I snapped Irine. And the problem is only minor. Irine wants to know how the new house and who's going to be our neighbor later. Self-esteem as a man and selfish desires I spilled it. It should not in place. I compete with doctors Bambang, not by Irine, my wife.
That morning I slept late. Of course, because last night contemplating life. Actually, no need to ponder. After all, life is real. But no. In fact, I still feel swayed. Confused!
With unsteady steps I'm going to teach. Expenses for the burden of responsibility as a husband and father more so in the shoulder. However its weight, yet must bear.
Once in school, at work I give him brand bag president. As usual, the kids make a fictional essay. But this time there are additional. They first have to do exam questions last year for subjects Indonesian Language and Literature. Was I wanted to sleep in office. Of course, before that, the principal's permission first.
Once home from school and had just put the bag on the table, Irine greets me.
"Mas Rony, we should move today.
"Today?" I stared. "No way!"
"Why not?" Now I know why you want to stay at home Mr. Budiman. Is not because we're going next door to the doctor Bambang?"
"That's what I worry about!"
"You're worried about something that do not have to think."
"I'm afraid you're tempted fortune!
"I'm married to you not because of what you have, but because I love you."
"I thought you were a woman who easily turned for treasure."
"I'm not a woman so, Ron. I accept what it is. I've been quite happy with our lives. Especially after two hearts we were born, I feel I got everything.
"Forgive me think too much."
"Proverb says, 'you can buy a house not a home.' We were not able to buy a house, but our lives happy. We feel like living in rented house. "
Imperceptibly, a grain of water falling from Irine eyelid. He actually said sincerely.
"But how do you know info that the doctor next door Bambang?"
"This morning I accompanied my wife to Mr. Budi there when you're teaching."
"Seeing the doctor Bambang there?
"Yes."
"And are you sorry?"
"Yes. I'm sorry I just now introduce to you."
I reach her shoulder closer to me. I kissed his forehead. Then down to his thin lips. The smell of her hair still smell like the first time I have had romanced.
Irine reply to my arms with his hands clenched. Her eyes filled with tears. He is still the same. The goddess who never cracked her beauty in a black night.
Outside, the leaves rustling pine coupled with the breeze. Strand by strand wave. Yellow fell, fell to the ground. I grabbed Irine's head. I touched her chin with a wrinkled finger.
Thanks to come from Mr. Blake. When the rented house was gone...
Dusk slowly falling in the arms of the night. Quiet surrounding. Crickets sound like a vibrating guitar strings. Made more soluble in the natural rhythm in the night.
Slowly I got up. I opened a house shutters. Creating moonlight night had visited.
I looked at Irine, my wife. He slept soundly. While I do not feel a shred of drowsiness.
Encouraged desire to imitate the ancient poets of China, I took a pen and scrap paper. Want light I turned shiny yellow ball that night clouds into the language of poetry. But no! Because the night so crawl up. Were my thoughts wander back in time ten years ago....
My love for the first and last on the beauty Irine purest soul. Although the first probably love it as if it was just a coincidence.
Because flooded with fan letters as before. Ah, this is impossible. Where's my responsibility as a husband and father? This is against my heart.
***
This afternoon I met an old acquaintance. I almost forgot who he was. He is the son Mr. Budiman who struggled to help you enter high school where I taught three years ago. It turned out that my efforts are not wasted. The child was accepted. Instead, the star that sent students to deepen education in Canada, with the intent to teach after graduation in high school back home.
"This is just an expression of our gratitude to the father." I'm still rang the words of Mr. Budi holding out a white envelope containing the money when he learned that his son had entered high school.
"Aha, Mr. Budiman. Take it back. It should help each other live people. "I gently declined.
I saw a little disappointed too Budiman. It radiated from her face. However, he increasingly urged me to want to accept it. I refused in the same way. So frustrated was the inclusion of the envelope into my pocket.
The conversation had occurred three years ago. And now Mr. Budiman is really present in front of my eyes.
"I heard the rented house a few days will be exhausted," he said.
"E ... uh, true gentleman," I said.
"Well, coincidence. A month ago I bought a new house from the sale of my garden. The house was fairly oke. I want to know, whether Mr. Rony willing to keep the house occupied as well? Would not it?"
Faced with such an offer, I did not immediately answer bias. Dilemma it. Moreover, my heart was filled with compassion for kindness Budiman, virtuous man as the name suggests.
"Why ... why you're silent? I did not ask for rent. As long as the house was preserved, it is more than enough for me. "Mister Budiman there are no strings attached. He meant.
"I'm not going, sir. But must first ask my wife."
When the news that Mr. Budiman offered his house to tell the Irine place, how his face looked happy. His eyes sparkled.
"Oh, God. Thou omniscient God, "thanksgiving burst from the lips Irine. "Bang Rony Pardamean," she said later to me. "We should give thanks to God because we seemed to get a windfall. It's when our rented house was out of his time. Mr. Budiman's house of course beautiful, is not it? "She asked, curious.
Occurred a pity in my heart to hear it. I guess my soul a little torn. Precisely because my wife is not too demanding something I could not give him as a husband.
Irine is to understand how I am. Suddenly I realized that all this was never happy with the material itself. I just gave her a present of two children are cute and sweet. In fact, if only to pursue material Irine he could. Had not she had ever spoken to Bambang, the final level of medical student when I knew him?
***
By Bambang, Irine could live rich. As a "lady doctor", he could have spoiled life. But no. Irine prefer to live as a lady of letters than the lady doctor. Although conscious choices that led to the edge of a mediocre life. However, it was all done semi piece of love. Love and loyalty to me than anything else. I was just a young man who did not have anything, other than a pen skills. In addition to bearing the title as a freshman majoring in literature of a state university.
Only that, the rest does not exist. Irine was so excited I get to finish college and get to work. In fact, the ideals it was just hanging in space, was never accomplished. I dropped out school because of busy looking for additional income teaching a high school. While enjoying the occasional honorarium of short stories and poetry, newspapers published poems capital. However, Irine never complained. This is what makes me even more love her. Moreover, she never once expressed regret marrying me. She resigned to accept life as it is. Receive me like now.
I shivered. I looked at the foot of the western sky. While the wind pushed in through the window cracks. Cold nights. As cold as the hearts that are contemplating this life. Too cold in the room. Blast of pine leaves and wind.
The moon, that had been dancing in the clouds, gradually falling. In the night wore on, I think the more beautiful scenery. Looming pine trees looked elegant in a dimly lit night loomed. Nature makes it a mysterious mute. Or is it nature, was never told about a lie about the reality of human beings?
"No, Rin, nooo!" I groan. But the weather just heard. I do not make a sound, it was just groaning sadly constricted in the throat alone. I'm afraid to wake the sleeping of Irine.
Indeed yesterday afternoon, Mr. Budi after offer to take her home immediately took me to see. The house is good. Broad and beautiful. Quite far from the hustle and bustle of the city.
"I think, here you will be more conducive to produce compositions," said Mr. Budi. "Besides, the means to write a supporting writing career. You see, instead, there lay green fields that could be inspiration? "Mr. Budi assured me that I live in decent homes. I did not answer. But in my heart I said yes.
Soon it seemed to me a quite luxurious home-style Spanish few yards behind. Encouraged desire to know the owner, I immediately asked.
"The house was neat anyone have?" I ventured to ask, just drive to know.
"Oh, it was the home of a doctor!"
"Wow, cool. Apparently, we'll be neighbors with the doctor. A coincidence, if necessary, medical assistance, not to far away. "
"Yes, the doctor was very popular in the community."
"What's his name?"
"Doctor Bambang."
"That's it?"
"In detail, Bambang Eka Budi Susila."
"Bambang Eka Budi Susila?" I do not believe it as his own.
"Yes, as you mentioned."
Mr. Budiman told that Doctor Bambang Eka Budi Susila just returned from service in the interior of Borneo. And the house that now occupies the former home of a businessman who exports and imports now moved to America.
"Apparently Mr. Rony familiar with Bambang Eka Budi Susila?"
I like an electric current. Apparently Mr. Budi see my face change in the water. Wistful face haunts me. Interrupted hope to soon occupy a new rented house.
No. No way I'm going next door to the former doctor's ex-girlfriend Irine. He was so successful. As for me? I failed miserably. Not only failed Irine happy, but particularly because they feel unable to compete materially with Bambang, uh Doctor Bambang.
***
I imagined how melting as a man of my pride in her eyes. Even more in the eyes IRIN, my wife. He could still accept me in this state? Is her love fades? Meanwhile, next door to the eyes of his head to see someone who had the luxury of his application he had hue.
Bambang is not an angel, certainly she was hurt and revenge. It could be done by showing off wealth. Let Irine drooling and eventually regret his decision. Or if necessary to destroy household painstakingly built.
If you want to avoid cracks household, means I have to find a new rental house. But this possibility is impossible. Only three more days of our rented house rent out. We must get ready to leave. Can I seek a place for shelter, even though like a shack? No! The problem is, why I could not find another home if the house has to offer Mr. Budi was't fit my taste or taste my wife?
Without giving certainty to Mr. Budi, I immediately take her home. My reason, maagku disease relapse.
Arriving at home, not the grass Irine remarkably cheerful when I tell you. Her eyes sparkled with hope. Filled with curiosity, she immediately asked, "The house meets health standards you bang?"
"No!" I said curtly. "We can not occupy it."
"Why, why? Is that bad?"
"Not bad, actually too good. But I never want to live there."
I enjoy a cigarette sam soe. Then inhale deeply. Billowing white smoke, curling. How to live like this. Rolling, and then disappeared.
"Is the house near the cemetery?" Irine pressuring again. I was just silent.
"Is there a devil in there?" Irine more whining.
"Shut up!" I snapped at him. Irine crying. I stared out blankly. Vacuum. As I recall, during the eight years of our marriage, this is the first time I snapped Irine. And the problem is only minor. Irine wants to know how the new house and who's going to be our neighbor later. Self-esteem as a man and selfish desires I spilled it. It should not in place. I compete with doctors Bambang, not by Irine, my wife.
That morning I slept late. Of course, because last night contemplating life. Actually, no need to ponder. After all, life is real. But no. In fact, I still feel swayed. Confused!
With unsteady steps I'm going to teach. Expenses for the burden of responsibility as a husband and father more so in the shoulder. However its weight, yet must bear.
Once in school, at work I give him brand bag president. As usual, the kids make a fictional essay. But this time there are additional. They first have to do exam questions last year for subjects Indonesian Language and Literature. Was I wanted to sleep in office. Of course, before that, the principal's permission first.
Once home from school and had just put the bag on the table, Irine greets me.
"Mas Rony, we should move today.
"Today?" I stared. "No way!"
"Why not?" Now I know why you want to stay at home Mr. Budiman. Is not because we're going next door to the doctor Bambang?"
"That's what I worry about!"
"You're worried about something that do not have to think."
"I'm afraid you're tempted fortune!
"I'm married to you not because of what you have, but because I love you."
"I thought you were a woman who easily turned for treasure."
"I'm not a woman so, Ron. I accept what it is. I've been quite happy with our lives. Especially after two hearts we were born, I feel I got everything.
"Forgive me think too much."
"Proverb says, 'you can buy a house not a home.' We were not able to buy a house, but our lives happy. We feel like living in rented house. "
Imperceptibly, a grain of water falling from Irine eyelid. He actually said sincerely.
"But how do you know info that the doctor next door Bambang?"
"This morning I accompanied my wife to Mr. Budi there when you're teaching."
"Seeing the doctor Bambang there?
"Yes."
"And are you sorry?"
"Yes. I'm sorry I just now introduce to you."
I reach her shoulder closer to me. I kissed his forehead. Then down to his thin lips. The smell of her hair still smell like the first time I have had romanced.
Irine reply to my arms with his hands clenched. Her eyes filled with tears. He is still the same. The goddess who never cracked her beauty in a black night.
Outside, the leaves rustling pine coupled with the breeze. Strand by strand wave. Yellow fell, fell to the ground. I grabbed Irine's head. I touched her chin with a wrinkled finger.
Thanks to come from Mr. Blake. When the rented house was gone...
Kamis, 28 Januari 2010
Rite, Ceremony and Festival between the Dayak Etnic
Every religion anywhere on this earth must be complemented by a set of ceremony, better known as the rite. What is meant by the rite? Rite is a ritual, or religious ceremony.
The shape and the formulation of religious ordinances usually vary from each other, depending on the background of a nation's culture. So in this context we will see in the Dayak ethnic religious. Dayak ethnicity has their own rite - their unique - and that directly enter the elements of local culture.
.JPG)
Land area of the field after all the plants are cut and waiting to be burned. In terms Dayak Jangkang called "robant".
.JPG)
Fields that were burned. Fire did not spread to other lands.
The cycle of Dayak cultural and religious ceremonies always starts from the farm. Fields appear after the burn does not spread to land beside him. Dayak people have their own way how to burn the fields.
Brief observations showed, people are often wrong when it comes to commenting on the ceremonies of Dayak etnic as the following quote.
"... in none of these feast there does seem to be any real, reverential, religious worship. It is true food is offered to the spirits, but it is done as the mere Observance of an ancient custom, without any approach to religious Reverence." (Edwin H. Gommes, 1911:209)
If we have the opportunity to live with Dayak ethnic, so the impression we get of the religious ceremonies will be different again.
Procession in the series of farming feast. Paraded doll of the life-leaf is a symbol of life.
Can not be drawn reasoning by saying that shortcuts Dayak ethnic less religious or less in if they are not observed routinely perform religious ceremonies, as - for example the Balinese. The Balinese regularly hold religious ceremonies, by preparing offerings to their gods, whereas not the Dayaks. Dayak people hold religious ceremonies at certain times only and is not done every day.
Dayak etnics believe, in their rite reunited with supernatural powers, one that can be mastered dayak this nature. Thus, we can imagine how great ritual significance in Dayak etnic religious. In other words, we can mention, that the rites for the incorporation of Dayak etnic horizontal order of life (humans) to the system of vertical life (supernatural).
In the ritual, people united by supernatural forces. And if taken very sharp, so obvious that the ritual act which actually contains the symbolic meaning. Religion Dayak etnic here offer a concrete model for the claim of religious experience and continuity of relationships based on supernatural powers, the transformation of charisma into a form of organization, practices and a stable mind.
Animals and plants for the offering.
Religious ritual, which consisted of speeches, signs, chanting, sacred meal, and sacrifice - not in the mean as a practical purpose, since the rite is a symbolic transformation of experiences that can not be expressed exactly by other media.
Hence comes from the primary needs of human beings, it is a rite of spontaneous activity, in the sense that what was born complexity rites of intentions, without realizing it with a purpose. In other words, we can state that rite of none other than the expression, or expression of the attitude "I" to the Transcendent and ritual formalization directing human behavior when faced with a sacred object.
Regarding the function of ritual we may note, that for the group he serves as a means of repetition of the right attitude and sacred religious communities to the sacred object. It was often found on the Dayak ethnic religious and cultural ceremonies set as follows.
Gawai
Gawai (farming feast) is one of the religious ceremony the most important Dayak etnic. This party is usually held after the harvest, as well as a New Year's party of Dayak etnic, which took place between 3-7 days. Not only in western Kalimantan, this course is very popular party, in Borneo, including any empire Malaysia, Gawai is extremely popular.
At every Gawai, in Sarawak, Malaysia, made a public holiday and according to the customs employee at the beginning of the party of Lord Agong always convey holiday greetings to the Dayak community. His name also employees, so the verb begawai.
Pesta Gawai is actually a thanksgiving from Dayak etnic to their gods, because the gods were pleased to give them good fortune.
In the former agricultural land prepared everything necessary for the ceremony. Agricultural tools sprinkled with the blood of the sacrificial animal, with the hope that next year they can still enjoy the same fortune.
At the party must be provided Gawai aimed sacrifices to the gods, accompanied by readings, magic spells. Of thanksgiving addressed specifically to the god of agriculture.
It is interesting to underline the Gawai party is that he not only has a religious aspect only. However, Gawai is also a symbol, which refers to the highest consciousness - which can strengthen their communities - and thus also strengthen their moral community. Gawai party then it is also social action and religious actions.
From the social aspect, Gawai is a facility where young people usually Dayak couple knew each other, marked by nyidok event.
Is an opportunity Nyidok young man/woman of the Dayak choose mate, done at night, and led by a young man who is leading. He shall choose the partner, lined them in a special room, usually in Soa, thereby nyidok event can walk calmly, away from the general crowd. At the time nyidok also shown Kondan dances, ethnic dances typical of Dayak. Happen once, every young man/ girl Dayak master Kondan dance.
On the Gawai party, Dayak traditional foods should be served to each guest. And those who took part in the Gawai party must receive the same services, without any distinction. Food served all present or sobangkangk (lemang) and drink wine. We still can classify more Gawai into several kinds, in accordance with the intention of each.
The women include sticky rice into the cleaned reed (hunting) which was covered with leaves in it pidang and young coconut water to taste. If in large quantities, usually work was done on the riverbank.
Gawai Batu
Stone called the employees because employees are essentially symbolic means. Gawai Batu closely related to the grindstone, which was supposed Dayak etnic is a symbol of fertility.
The Gawai Batu usually be held to coincide with the first in a rhythm dimulainyatahapan planting suitable for the purpose of Dayak etnic paying homage to the patron deity of agriculture and ruler of lading, the Puyang Gana.
According to the Dayak ethnic beliefs, which maintain Gana Returning rice plants, so that determines agricultural work or not. So it is logical, that this god who made the cult center Gawai party.
Gawai is formulated in such a way that looks great and sacred. First whetstone placed on the porch of the house, followed agricultural tools such as machetes, sickles, picks, hats and more.
Offerings that have been prepared to be presented to Pulang Gana chicken sprinkled with blood. Appropriate ceremonies, a whetstone is placed on the heart of agricultural land. Then, just may be the first stage of planting suitable system of Dayak etnic, namely ngabas poya (farm monitoring).
Gawai Seed
Seed Gawai done before sowing seeds. The seed is usually taken from rice stalks the best, which is stored in a special basket. When everything was ready, Pulang Gana, the god of agriculture, was asked to come accompanied by kesudiannya reading incantations.
Pulang Gana's arrival meant that he blesses the seeds, so seed if sown later be able to grow and not be disturbed by animal growth or other diseases.
Planting rice sowing or in the field. The man in front with turok (wooden spears) to make a hole in the front, while the woman behind include rice seeds. Seeds taken from the best rice stalks, having previously been in probini event. (Photo: Hedda Morrison in Sarawak).
Store clerk Rice
Rice store clerk was held after the harvest (harvest rice) and after winnowing (separating the rice grains from the stalks), and then the rice was stored in the barn. Interesting that this grain store Gawai held only if the crops had it.
Conversely, if the crop fails, storing rice facultative Gawai. That is, lest wasteful. However, there is the mind behind the store of rice Gawai we have explored, namely bahwadi ceremony under the belief that there are actually difficult to drawn from the Dayak etnic of rice. They believe, rice has a spirit. If the rice spirit is not respected, it is not impossible that the rice will be stored in the barn can mysteriously disappeared.
Ngayau party
Ngayau is headhunting, as the evidence of strength. We can hardly explain the thoughts behind this habit, when leaving the historical data until ngayau greeted custom.
The enemy's head frame in the courtyard homes of old Dayak people.
Ngayau later evolved into the tradition of "Red Bowl". Red bowl begins between tahun1350-1389 when Dayak etnic starting position pushed by the tribes of other newcomers, such expeditions conducted by the kings of the island of Java. The most obvious example of the expedition that tried to conquer the Dayak ethnic expedition conducted by the Sri Rajasanegara (Hayam Wuruk) who tried to conquer the Malays Peninsula, and Borneo Tumasik-English.
The attack was very threatening position of Dayak etnic, then among the tribal leaders held an agreement: If one of the areas under attack, the chiefs in the areas of moral shall provide assistance as quickly as lightning. This Agreement at a later date is more popularly known as "Red Bowl".
Why is it called "bowl of red"? of course, this is background. Color bowls filled with blood rather yellowish, tebuat from clay materials with high approximately 2.5 centimeters, in diameter less than 7 inches. In the Dayak language, it is called korangk bowl. Functions can vary, depending on the situation-conditions.
In normal circumstances, korangk function the same as regular bowl. But in a state of emergency, could mean a sign korangk death, if he is filled with chicken feathers, dripping blood, tangui (cap bits), yellow rice and ashes. All things in this bowl symbolizes that the Dayak ethnic brave men, never give up, and tireless.
Red bowl passed around a chain of one village to another village, as the official announcement of war from the heads of the Dayak etnic. Within the last half century can be recorded, Red Bowl 11 times reduced.
Kronolog ethnic conflict between Dayak and Madurese in Kalimantan
Year Conflict
Mass of 1950 Fights Madurese migrants and Dayak etnic first broke. This conflict claimed in large numbers. The cause is unclear.
1968 A Head Sungaipinyuh, Pontianak District, called Sani, killed by Madura's farmer. Farmers were disappointed because of the sub-district refuse to serve business letter making the land purchase. The farmer who can not accept the stated reasons, direct
Sani stabbed to death.
Mass and 1967 Fight the expulsion of ethnic Chinese residents do Dayak. Around 50 thousand people fled to the Sarawak Chinese. This conflict is more due to political factors, rather than between-ethnic conflict. Chinese accused the government of Indonesia to the People's Army accomplice North Borneo is branded a communist.
1976 riots between Dayak-Madurase.
Cangkeh murder triggered, a Dayak farmer, who conducted some people are mad Madurese migrants as a shouted by Cangkeh just about mowing the grass at his home.
The clashes broke out again in 1977. This time in Singkawang, Sambas district. Robert Lonjeng, a police Dayak tribe slaughtered a young man of Madura. The young man apparently black eye after a war of words with Robert, who rebuked the young, angry because his sister asked to go to late at night. Robert was killed instantly by the blow of the youth celurit (typical weapons of Madura). Madurese who courted her sister.
1979 Two years later, in Salamantan (at this time I was in high school. I joined to keep a daughter boarding from a mass invasion), still including the Sambas regency, Sidik, a Dayak farmers killed disabet celurit Asmadin Madurese origin. Asmadin
angry when prohibited from mowing the grass at a house owned by Sidik.
Mass fight, kill each other ensued. A total of 21 people were killed and burned 65 homes destroyed. Fortunately, this warnot increase. Because, reinforcements from the Madura reportedly consists of two boats full of men, had followed and back to the land requested by the Regent of Madura at the time. To prevent the repetition of events, founded the Peace monument Salamantan after the peace performed the ceremony.
1983 In Sungaienau, AMBAWANG, Pontianak, fights erupted between ethnic Madurese and Dayak. Triggers, Djaelani murder, a peasant farmer Dayak Madura
because of land conflicts.
Fights between young people of 1993.
Fights Pontianak caused some casualties. Losses also fell The church burned by Queen Mary's School of Peace and Loving Agape Christian Abdi by a group because it is considered as a place gathering Dayaks.
1996-1997 •Fights exploded in the eighth Sanggauledo, Sambas. Action is an anti-Madura
originated from a fight the two tribes a show at dangdut Ledo, 20 kilometers from Sanggauledo. A group of young women teasing Madura and women. Bakrie, son pairs Dayak and Madurese, offended and
sabbed Yokundus and Takim, Dayak youth, so that entry hospital. Yokundus friends had a tantrum and attack social transmigration areas and Marabu Lembang. Local residents transmigration is already blurred. Thus, young reprimand that was burning the houses vacated.
• Round two riots occurred
when a group of masked men set fire to the office and Cooperatives Yayasan Karya Sosial Pancur Kasih owned Dayak tribe. Kill each other even after Sartinus Nyangkot, Head of Village Maribas, Tebas, massacred a group of young men killed Madura Returning confronting her graduation ceremony, Mary Ulfa, in Pontianak. Noted, this event killed nearly 200.
1999, Conflict between the Madurese, Malays, Bugis, who later also involve
Dayak, broke out in Sambas, West Kalimantan. A total of 265 people have died (252 Madura, 12 Malays, a Dayak), 38 injured weight, nine minor injuries. Property destroyed: more than 2330 houses burned and destroyed 164 masses, four cars burned and damaged six, nine motorcycles were burned and the one was destroyed.
This starts from revenge attacks hundreds of cases Madura of Rambaian Village and its surroundings to Paritsetia Village, Sub Jawai. This incident killing three people and three serious injuries in the ethnic Malays. Strangely, the very security forces detained an ethnic Malays, not the citizens of the attacker. Previously there
Besides the case, Rudi, youth from Madura, Bujang attack Labik the Malays, with celurit. Because of Rudi offense gawk at the city's transportation kernet not pay due
fee. After that, a conflict erupted between Dayak etnic and Madura.
There all new cases. Ibrahim, a young man of Madura, carrying homemade firearms Pemangkat Market. Considered swagger, He rebuked some people. Abraham was happy and there was conflict. Afterwards, Ibrahim returned to the house. Whoever perpetrators, suddenly found four people dead Madura, three Perapakan Village and a Village Sinam. Involvement Dayak in this ethnic conflict triggered by the killing of Martin Amat, oil palm plantation workers from Salamantan by a youth. The host's car was burned.
There is still another story, Bugis is also involved. The story begins with a war of words between youth Madura and Bugis, Madurese want to watch for free road race in the main terminal Singkawang. He threatened to Kualasingkawang attack. So, too, adopted Bugis machete. 2001 The conflict between the Dayak and Madurese erupted in Sampit, Central Kalimantan. Based National Commission notes Human Rights, the victim fell achieve approximately 400 inhabitants. According to police data, 319 more homes
burned and about 197 others were damaged. There various versions that triggered the case of ethnic strife between the tenth it. From the story of the killing of a pregnant woman to revenge citizens Madura over unrest in Kerengpangi, East Kotawaringin.
Gawai Burong
We have seen that ngayau historical background. Now it's time talking about the dimensions ngayau ritual. The first thing to underline is that this is not ngayau be removed from the cult of the god of war, the god Singalang Burong. He was regarded as a war lord, the king of Helmeted bird species. Holding Gawai Burong because the gods demanded it.
There are two other names for the employees Burong, namely Gawai Gawai Tempalang and Pala. This party is important enough, can be seen from the long ceremony which can take up to 3 days. Among the preparations made in connection with the party resembles Burong Gawai Helmeted bird. On the first day of this feast, Dayak men carrying offerings, while others again follow the glorious procession and stopped at a tree, which will be held Burong Gawai.
Offerings are placed under the tree, and the birds are caught on the previous day are slaughtered, its blood sprinkled on the ground with the intention that God Singalang Burong came after he smelled the bird's blood.
If this has been done, then turn now to cut down the tree. One side was carved, then carved it should be brought home and was greeted with a sense of villagers are the sculptor, is dedicated to the heroes who successfully fought Dayak in headhunting.
The statue looks fantastic tenyalang, colored in such a way, given the ornaments that actually have aesthetic value. Burong Gawai still be subdivided into three stages.
First day of Gawai burong
On the first day of Gawai Burong, devoted to completing Tenyalang bird sculptures. At today dihidangkanlah of food and beverages. Profuse abundance to every guest.
Host a party would be considered cheap if the party is not Burong Gawai someone drunk on wine, and who became korbanbiasanya men. They were "forced to" drink lots of beautiful women by offering wine to his mouth as he beteriak that, "weh, weh, weh". The man who offered him wine to drink until tungkal (drunk so didn’t realize).
At the party Burong Gawai Dayak women the most beautiful dress they had, marched on a regular basis with a yellow rice and paddy. They were led by a dancer, who wore full battle dress, holding a sword and shield while demonstrating (reconstruct) the war.
After the dance finished, the dancers will be yellow rice sprinkled into the air and fall to the audience right in the head. Of the dances that come out of the dayak force. The music that moves the spirit of the dancers smoothly a high social significance, as well as religious significance. Therefore, a kind of dance is not just a superficial performance, but-and especially-refers to a sacred power.
Second day of Gawai Burong
On the second day of Gawai party Burong, birds hornbills or artificial kenyalang paraded with great fanfare and a special song sung to him.
On day two, Tenyalang parallel pole mounted. Yellow rice, rice and other offering materials delivered to the solemn Tenyalang. Meanwhile, the carrier-carrier offerings threw him pork and chicken meat, after the first victim's blood smeared.
Preparation for Tenyalang Gawai in Sarawak.
Photo: Hedda Morrison.
Head earned enemies in the war on the second day of Gawai Burong party placed in a huge brass platter. Made him a dish of food and drink specifically as well. Quite horrible, that some of the food and beverage offerings that will be inserted into the skull's mouth. If there is still remaining, the rest of the food and beverages must be placed in front of him until the ceremony is complete.
Except Tenyalang statue, made also pandongk (stage) and hanging charms on it. Similarly, other war materials such as: saber, sword, chopsticks, shields and spears; should be hanged together amulet.
Then, people who got the assignment to read the incantation up pandong, dancing around my head; a severed head, while singing incantations. There are two singers wore custom core.
If it is considered necessary (eg if the number of heads so many) then the two singers could be assisted core five to six other singers, so much fun. They will sing alternately punctuated each line of the incantation. But some specific mantras sung together. The officers must wear traditional clothes yan hung down below her ankles, they also carried a cane in his hand while dancing, denagn feet narimenghentakkan regular rhythm.
Singing incantations taken time duration Gawai party is obliged to choose Burong epic story that illustrates the traditional figure of a hero Dayak. This epic story featuring the most frequently Klieng, a hero who does not have both.
Narrated, on his return from the war, Klieng Gawai is always a party in honor Burong god of war. The story is deliberately chosen, to excite their hearers to make Klieng as an ideal figure.
Really fantastic, that song is epic Klieng can take up all night long. Readings spell held at eight o'clock that night and just ended the next day. They sang chants in charge never rest, but only stopped for a moment alone at midnight.
Gawai burong day of the third
On the third day, the last day of Gawai Burong, all the audience out of the house into a place called Tanju. Each carried sendri food and drink separately.
The most typical of the third day of Gawai Burong is that should be taken along a pig alive. Usually tribal leaders apart from ordinary people, they DDI beautiful rug, which has been prepared specifically for them.
Since leaving gendering continuous sound. Live pigs paraded in such a way, then slaughtered witnessed by all present. When the puncture on her neck babidan not berdayak, all the audience cheered with delight.
They keep berteiak hysterically, until you see a bird flying in the air. The bird is the manifestation Singalang own Burong indicating that he received regarding the victim offered to him. Thus, the entire series Burong Gawai party has resolved and the audience returned to their homes with joy.
Ijuk party
Fibers is the palm, the palm-wine from the stems of water can be obtained. If someone had followed Gawai Burong several times, then Ijuk party no longer needs to be done. Distinctiveness of this party is the long pole and installed on the top put a pot of water wine. These offerings dihunjukkan to Singalang Burong. Ijuk party only lasted a day.
Balian Ceremony
Balian is analogous to the practice of shamanism. Only difference, healers held if a person (or group) is considered the pain caused by the anger of the gods.
Formulation healers prescribed such that only certain people are biased to enable it. The materials for this shaman ceremonies are chicken meat, cakes, yellow rice, young coconut leaves, sabang leaves, eggs and wine. Jars placed in the middle, and the victims are prepared on a the (altar). Near the hospital installed the tree symbolizes life. When the quasi're ready, then builders and healers began the ceremony with sabang he leaves fanning the sick while reading (singing) incantations.
In essence, there are at least three ideologies that underlie the practice of shaman.
First, with the soul of the shaman ceremony will be normalized back pain. Here we see a view of Dayak etnic dualism that separates body and soul, because according to Dayak etnic belief, the sick could be due to disharmony of soul and body; the shaman ceremony will harmonized back.
Second, the shaman, it is expected that the spirits that disturb the nest and the sick so that the spirits that disturb the needs driven by balia ceremony.
And third, the shaman will remove all kinds of mysterious objects or animals are lodged in the patient's body one of the umu incantations used when holding a shaman ceremony the following chant.
Tulung babongkar, babongkar samua panas di badan jangan tertinggal, mambongkar samua, biar menyisih muga melayang tempo angin, muga melongsong dari embangan, muga meluwa dari gendongan, lalu kacampak dipukul ombak, lalu terserei di karang tajam, lalu tergalang di karang bonda, lalu tercampa, laut Selebu muga selamat, harung badannya teda rahayu, dendang kurungnya, teda selamat, teda rahayu semua menyinta, sama meneda.
Meaning:
Come help raise, let's help all suffering from heat up the body eliminate all spending all gone extinct in order to wind down, so that a hurricane was rushed extinct, that bounced off a scarf, that protruded from the pack and then dumped, hit the waves so that the pointy t stabbed rock , and slammed the big rocks on the sea and struck Selebu aagr the whole body becomes white so comfortable, so that the patient feels good, we ask for salvation for the soul in confinement, we ask for health, we ask for welfare, we all ask.
Not everyone ceremony healers led. To be master of ceremonies, the individual must have specific calls from the gods, and calls it happen time of the ceremony healers.
All of a sudden someone gets visions, he became so scream visions to catch him. As a result of visions that someone becomes unconscious, unconscious. Once conscious again, he would tell her experience to meet with the Holy One, and at that moment that a shaman would be ordained.
Ceremony birth
Birth ceremonies for Dayak etnic more emphasis on ancestral traditions. However, not necessarily mean the dimensions of the ritual does not exist. We can divide the ceremony there are three kinds of birth.
Time of Birth
At the time the child is born a simple ceremony marked by cutting the cord. Then, just as important, give a name to him, because the name of the Dayak's family has a very important meaning. It was thought, bahwanama also determine the fate of the child in the future.
Bathroom
Bath ceremony is usually done on time 40-day-old child. Baby bathing ceremony, when the sun began to move in the horizontal point, which symbolizes new life.
Dayak ethnic assume, in the morning ajahat spirits still asleep, so the baby can memandika ceremony go smoothly without any interruption. While bathing the baby's ceremonial leader is usually performed by village midwives who delivered the baby's mother.
Circumcision
Dayak etnic also know the habits of circumcision. The ceremony was held ahead of a Dayak man went up. Before the ceremony goes on, people who will be circumcised first soak in a river. That is, so later when circumcised, Kult approach to software; so that pain can be reduced.
However, not all men do the tradition of circumcision. Ot Danum interest only are required every male circumcision among circumcised because the tribe is a social phenomenon. That is, if someone is not circumcised he will receive criticism, especially from women.
Wedding ceremony
Marriage for Dayak etnic is a very important moment, because marriage is not merely a biological phenomenon alone but regarded as a dramatization or reconstruction of the creation myth of this world.
According to the Dayak ethnic assumptions, this universe happens because the gods in "up" there hold intercourse with the goddess in the "bottom" of this. Results antarkeduanya relationship was later produced this universe.
Seen from the socio-cultural dimensions, the Dayak ethnic marriage to a descendant of the forwarding process should be done. So the greater number of members of the tribe, the better, because then their existence would not be threatened by groups who want to attack him laib.
In times past, highly valued the birth of a boy than women. This is understandable, because in times of war the role of boys very prominent compared to women. That is why the man occupying the highest position among the Dayak ethnic.
The nature of marriage
For Dayak etnic ideal marriage is if the marriage was performed between one man with one woman (monogamy). Because of the marriage obtained monogamilah family welfare. So to achieve sustainability ethnic marriages among Dayak have laws that regulate traffic of the more popular wedding called Customary Law Marriage.
Wedding stages
There is no marriage among Dayak etnic, without knowing the stages. This stage is very important, because to achieve a legitimate marriage these stages must be fulfilled. There are five stages of marriage.
Botugok
Botugok is the first stage in the rhythm perkawinanetnis Dayak ceremony. At this stage of relatives of the groom's family meeting, to take a deal whether or not an application submitted to the candidate's wife with a man weighing all consequences may be caused by a marriage that later. For example, if the woman does not have a hereditary disease.
Consideration must not only be based on heredity, but also other considerations such as social status, economic background, skills and others. If all votes in a family meeting to meet persyarata, the male relatives will determine intermediaries to apply for the girl.
Ngusik atai nglamar
This second stage is to send an intermediary (Mr. Rope) to apply for her dream, which in the language called Dayak ngusik atai nglamar.
Botunang
If the application is received by the man the girl, then the agreement will be marked with a ring exchange ceremony that symbolizes loyalty. Violating an act of loyalty unbiased ditolelir, because among the Dayak ethnic loyalties occupy very high positions so that breaking a promise to apply customary law demands.
Period botunang (engaged) is also a deeper acquaintance stage for both prospective brides. It could happen, after a period of several months of such engagement, the marriage was null and void. But there are consequences, namely that the first who canceled the wedding, that's the wrong side. The wrong side have to pay customs, as determined in the customary law marriage.
Ponga
In the fourth stage of the Dayak ethnic marriages, namely Ponga, we've seen the sacred nature of marriage. At this time everything is prepared as the preparations for the party during Gawai.
In the evening the girl's family usually drinks wine served to the guests. Mr. rope with his entourage to ask questions to the girl in the form of rhyme or insinuations, and answered all the rhymes and insinuations by the girl's bride, or a representative.
After the ceremony was over, it's time the marriage ceremony. Both the bride sat biting down on a large gong and a mother put a coconut in front of them intact.
Groom then drove the spear into the coconut fruit. The whole coconut symbolizes the girl's virginity. Then, an indigenous leader swinging a rooster on the two heads of the bride, as he read the prayer, which essentially expects that both families were happy.
Ngkori monok
Last stage of the circuit sleuruh nuptial adalh ngkori monok (repatriated birds). Both the bride in turn visited the parents of each, and goodbye.
Dramatization of the universe
For Dayak, marriage is an institution to continue the descent, there is also malinkan religious dimension, namely that marriage is seen as a dramatization of the universe. Dayak etnic view that the universe is happening because of the sexual relationship between the gods "above" and the goddess "below.
Therefore, marriage is considered sacred, and at times encouraged the audience ceremony to rethink how the early universe happened. Dayak ethnic marriage is a dramatization of this myth.
Sacred nature of marriage is also marked by various rituals, such as the slaughter of a rooster and a hen, which symbolizes the unity of the soul of men and women.
Chicken blood was stirred with a feather and then smeared on the forehead and certain parts of the body of the intending spouses. The purpose is to act spirits fine not to interfere, because both families have been sealed with chicken blood.
Master of ceremonies was the chairman of the customary marriage. When will start the ceremony, he took the rice that has been available in a small bowl and sprinkle into each of the four winds. Time of rice was then spread to both families with the intention to bring good fortune scattered for their lives in the future.
Funeral
Death for Dayak etnic is not the end of everything. But according to Dayak etnic view, the death of momentum in where resettlement occurs. The dead say back to the gods and lived where the gods lived. With the demise of a Dayak, then he returned and entered into the kingdom of his ancestors.
So the death of the Dayak ethnic outlook was never seen with a negative lens. Death is opening a new chapter to enter another's life. Because the dead are considered "not finished", then the death is always a big concern for the Dayak etnic. Caution was evident in the various ceremonies performed in connection with the death.
Tiwah
Tiwah or celebration of the dead, is typical of the Dayak ethnic Ngaju. Tiwah means seseuatu apart from the previously allowed or not allowed. Tiwah aims to bring the dead arwahh circumstances in heaven and length bias ceremony takes up to 33 days.
But for the Dayak etnic Klemantan little else. Dayak ethnic Klemantan have their own ceremonies in connection with the death, that is what is more popular with employees called Antu (ghost).
Gawai Antu
Preparation of bias funeral lasted for days, all close relatives were asked their participation helps. Gifts of money or goods prepared for the most meritorious in preparation for this funeral.
Gawai Antu is no specific time period to have it. This employee cost is very expensive, because it was custom-nundanya delaying for years. Even bias also gawai Antu party together and the cost borne together well.
Because Dayak etnic assume, that the dead (especially someone prominent who frequently consulted him) is always ready to help the people who are still alive, then it may invite the spirits when Gawai Antu.
Dayak etnic think it does not matter. They will invite the spirits by sending a small boat, called Lumpang and one of the preparatory ceremony membuatmenumen Gawai Antu is a grave warning.
The women mengnyam bamboo handicrafts made from all kinds of imitation and then the results will be hung on the grave with the belief that dead people can use it. If the funeral preparations for a man, then was made ornaments made of bamboo spears, spears, hats and gear of war in the cemetery. And if for women should be prepared tanunan tools, fish baskets, tools and winnow to pound rice.
When the preparation has been done, the ceremony in place. Once the ceremony Gawai Antu - shot in a cemetery - will begin, marked by the singers of the Dayak ethnic best.
Ceremony begins at dusk, because according to Dayak etnic belief, the spirits of the world trip "there" to duani "here" so far and it took at least one day. Funeral hymn sung without ever stopping until morning, same time with wine drinking ceremony jointly between the yag living and the dead.
Medium that brings the dead and those alive when a portion of Gawai Antu adalh wine that had been prepared in a special urn.
Not everyone lives dare to drink with the spirits of the dead, only the brave and the Dayak warriors have done it. Ceremonial drink the wine along with it come with horrible shouts and unconscious. When this happens, then it's a sign they had united with the spirits of people died.
Departure ceremony bala (eject everything bad and evil)
Dayak language decline in reinforcements means cast out the spirits, cast out the disease. So starting ceremony reinforcements mean bias: religious ceremony to ward off evil spirits that disturb a village or village.
According to the Dayak ethnic beliefs, all kinds of diseases or plagues came from King Shit and therefore deemed necessary to conduct a religious ceremony for him away.
In a ceremony expel evil spirits is provided the victims of "replacement" of human life, namely the selection of animals used custom chicken. It means the animal is selected chicken, to "bribe" the King of Hell is about to wreak havoc. And when he saw the victim offered to him, he became lose heart and bring out the attack or pest disasters.
Purpose ceremony
Here is obvious, that the ceremony of departure reinforcements contain certain thoughts that want to take the heart of King Shit. Seems also that the origin of all diseases can be "controlled" people with the ceremonial ritual or a particular ritual, so that we can say that the nature of the ceremonies is du ut des (I give so you give).
Thus, it is almost all Dayak ethnic rhythms of life and then become ritualistic because everyday lives of their victims so dominated by speculative thought they were dominated by the victim. As a result, victims have Dayak in a mystical magic, which is the mystery, which is more powerful than the gods.
The purpose of departure ceremony reinforcements are cast out demons, or pestilence, with a substitute sacrifice human lives to the King of Hell. Then make the sacrifice to his knees defeated gods, so that the victim becomes a dayak / stand-alone force. Victim, according to the assumption of Dayak etnic, is part of the absolute and desired by the Supreme substances from the beginning.
Implementing ceremony
Departure ceremony on the implementation of these reinforcements we can split them up into three stages, among others.
Preparation
The first thing to do in the first stage of the ceremony is starting reinforcement materials such as palm wine ceremony, yellow rice, Lemang and two chickens. Two chickens were selected, a large tail and a small tail again. Great to be slaughtered as a sacrifice, a little while still allowed to live as a victim instead. In this preparation was also made a raft of banana stems that later on when the ceremony will be swept away starting reinforcements together sacrifice.
Ceremony on the river
Bala departure ceremony took place in a river. The raft of banana stem prepared in advance by the river, while ipemimpin ceremony at his home to the audience explaining the purpose of departure ceremony bala.
After giving an explanation, the audience together in contrast to the stream. Master of ceremonies began the ceremony by reciting the starting bala-spells Matera, to inform the King of Hell so that he can no longer send "reinforcements" to the village for a replacement "reinforcements" have been prepared
Washout raft
Little chicken left alive on the raft moored already available. Master of ceremonies will read this incantation.
“Rari penyakit,rari! Anyut basamo rakit tuk, bayah ngaru kami agik sebab kami dah diganti manok; ntik mauk makant makantlah manok tuk.”
Meaning:
Run the disease, run! Drifting along with the raft, do not disturb us anymore because we have been replaced by chicken. If you want to eat, eat this chicken.
After reading spells, ceremonial leader of the raft washed away along with the live chicks and the same time it also gone missing then all the diseases that have been disturbing the peace of the village residents. With these reinforcements departure ceremony all citizens are save of the village from disaster.
Other religious ceremonies
Except for major ceremonies Dayak ethnic religious said as before, there is another religious ceremony; but less important and not compulsory (optional ceremony). However, for those who perform the ceremony itself and the reward signal, that they are truly religious appreciation of and intense.
Dream
Not inevitable, that in every religion there are certain primitive elements superstition, so here we will see in the Dayak etnic indigenous religion.
Dayak ethnic sense of living in fear of supernatural forces believed in the dream, which is said to be a means in which the Transcendent, the Holy One, the not-understood can usually express its will to men.
That is why the Dayak etnic always meet the desires of the can-not understand that every time a dream. For example, if someone dreams, that god of a particular animal then asked to be filled the next day. Offerings or the victim is given a religious ceremony.
Bird sign
Dayak etnic is a great observer, they see signs of birds. Birds were seen as a manifestation of the spirit Singalang Burong. So if a bird had entered the homes of the Dayaks, a special ceremony to be held with preparing offerings for Singalang Burong.
Recovering from an illness
If the household member suffering from a disease which, according to rational calculations he must die for it but instead he recovered from illness, the family of the patient is usually a simple ceremony. The ceremony was intended to thank the gods that have been cured.
Mandi Rumah (Bath House)
Ceremony held shower house every time Dayak etnic will occupy the new house. Ceremony performed with the intention that the house and its occupants are protected from disasters such as fire, burglary and vandalism. New homes sprinkled with the blood of the sacrificial animal. That is why this ceremony is called a "bath house".
NB.
This article may be cited for academic purposes, not for business purposes, on condition that must identify the source and author's name.
The shape and the formulation of religious ordinances usually vary from each other, depending on the background of a nation's culture. So in this context we will see in the Dayak ethnic religious. Dayak ethnicity has their own rite - their unique - and that directly enter the elements of local culture.
.JPG)
Land area of the field after all the plants are cut and waiting to be burned. In terms Dayak Jangkang called "robant".
.JPG)
Fields that were burned. Fire did not spread to other lands.
The cycle of Dayak cultural and religious ceremonies always starts from the farm. Fields appear after the burn does not spread to land beside him. Dayak people have their own way how to burn the fields.Brief observations showed, people are often wrong when it comes to commenting on the ceremonies of Dayak etnic as the following quote.
"... in none of these feast there does seem to be any real, reverential, religious worship. It is true food is offered to the spirits, but it is done as the mere Observance of an ancient custom, without any approach to religious Reverence." (Edwin H. Gommes, 1911:209)
If we have the opportunity to live with Dayak ethnic, so the impression we get of the religious ceremonies will be different again.
Procession in the series of farming feast. Paraded doll of the life-leaf is a symbol of life.Can not be drawn reasoning by saying that shortcuts Dayak ethnic less religious or less in if they are not observed routinely perform religious ceremonies, as - for example the Balinese. The Balinese regularly hold religious ceremonies, by preparing offerings to their gods, whereas not the Dayaks. Dayak people hold religious ceremonies at certain times only and is not done every day.
Dayak etnics believe, in their rite reunited with supernatural powers, one that can be mastered dayak this nature. Thus, we can imagine how great ritual significance in Dayak etnic religious. In other words, we can mention, that the rites for the incorporation of Dayak etnic horizontal order of life (humans) to the system of vertical life (supernatural).
In the ritual, people united by supernatural forces. And if taken very sharp, so obvious that the ritual act which actually contains the symbolic meaning. Religion Dayak etnic here offer a concrete model for the claim of religious experience and continuity of relationships based on supernatural powers, the transformation of charisma into a form of organization, practices and a stable mind.
Animals and plants for the offering.Religious ritual, which consisted of speeches, signs, chanting, sacred meal, and sacrifice - not in the mean as a practical purpose, since the rite is a symbolic transformation of experiences that can not be expressed exactly by other media.
Hence comes from the primary needs of human beings, it is a rite of spontaneous activity, in the sense that what was born complexity rites of intentions, without realizing it with a purpose. In other words, we can state that rite of none other than the expression, or expression of the attitude "I" to the Transcendent and ritual formalization directing human behavior when faced with a sacred object.
Regarding the function of ritual we may note, that for the group he serves as a means of repetition of the right attitude and sacred religious communities to the sacred object. It was often found on the Dayak ethnic religious and cultural ceremonies set as follows.
Gawai
Gawai (farming feast) is one of the religious ceremony the most important Dayak etnic. This party is usually held after the harvest, as well as a New Year's party of Dayak etnic, which took place between 3-7 days. Not only in western Kalimantan, this course is very popular party, in Borneo, including any empire Malaysia, Gawai is extremely popular.
At every Gawai, in Sarawak, Malaysia, made a public holiday and according to the customs employee at the beginning of the party of Lord Agong always convey holiday greetings to the Dayak community. His name also employees, so the verb begawai.
Pesta Gawai is actually a thanksgiving from Dayak etnic to their gods, because the gods were pleased to give them good fortune.
In the former agricultural land prepared everything necessary for the ceremony. Agricultural tools sprinkled with the blood of the sacrificial animal, with the hope that next year they can still enjoy the same fortune.
At the party must be provided Gawai aimed sacrifices to the gods, accompanied by readings, magic spells. Of thanksgiving addressed specifically to the god of agriculture.
It is interesting to underline the Gawai party is that he not only has a religious aspect only. However, Gawai is also a symbol, which refers to the highest consciousness - which can strengthen their communities - and thus also strengthen their moral community. Gawai party then it is also social action and religious actions.
From the social aspect, Gawai is a facility where young people usually Dayak couple knew each other, marked by nyidok event.
Is an opportunity Nyidok young man/woman of the Dayak choose mate, done at night, and led by a young man who is leading. He shall choose the partner, lined them in a special room, usually in Soa, thereby nyidok event can walk calmly, away from the general crowd. At the time nyidok also shown Kondan dances, ethnic dances typical of Dayak. Happen once, every young man/ girl Dayak master Kondan dance.
On the Gawai party, Dayak traditional foods should be served to each guest. And those who took part in the Gawai party must receive the same services, without any distinction. Food served all present or sobangkangk (lemang) and drink wine. We still can classify more Gawai into several kinds, in accordance with the intention of each.
The women include sticky rice into the cleaned reed (hunting) which was covered with leaves in it pidang and young coconut water to taste. If in large quantities, usually work was done on the riverbank.
Gawai Batu
Stone called the employees because employees are essentially symbolic means. Gawai Batu closely related to the grindstone, which was supposed Dayak etnic is a symbol of fertility.
The Gawai Batu usually be held to coincide with the first in a rhythm dimulainyatahapan planting suitable for the purpose of Dayak etnic paying homage to the patron deity of agriculture and ruler of lading, the Puyang Gana.
According to the Dayak ethnic beliefs, which maintain Gana Returning rice plants, so that determines agricultural work or not. So it is logical, that this god who made the cult center Gawai party.
Gawai is formulated in such a way that looks great and sacred. First whetstone placed on the porch of the house, followed agricultural tools such as machetes, sickles, picks, hats and more.
Offerings that have been prepared to be presented to Pulang Gana chicken sprinkled with blood. Appropriate ceremonies, a whetstone is placed on the heart of agricultural land. Then, just may be the first stage of planting suitable system of Dayak etnic, namely ngabas poya (farm monitoring).
Gawai Seed
Seed Gawai done before sowing seeds. The seed is usually taken from rice stalks the best, which is stored in a special basket. When everything was ready, Pulang Gana, the god of agriculture, was asked to come accompanied by kesudiannya reading incantations.
Pulang Gana's arrival meant that he blesses the seeds, so seed if sown later be able to grow and not be disturbed by animal growth or other diseases.
Planting rice sowing or in the field. The man in front with turok (wooden spears) to make a hole in the front, while the woman behind include rice seeds. Seeds taken from the best rice stalks, having previously been in probini event. (Photo: Hedda Morrison in Sarawak).
Store clerk Rice
Rice store clerk was held after the harvest (harvest rice) and after winnowing (separating the rice grains from the stalks), and then the rice was stored in the barn. Interesting that this grain store Gawai held only if the crops had it.
Conversely, if the crop fails, storing rice facultative Gawai. That is, lest wasteful. However, there is the mind behind the store of rice Gawai we have explored, namely bahwadi ceremony under the belief that there are actually difficult to drawn from the Dayak etnic of rice. They believe, rice has a spirit. If the rice spirit is not respected, it is not impossible that the rice will be stored in the barn can mysteriously disappeared.
Ngayau party
Ngayau is headhunting, as the evidence of strength. We can hardly explain the thoughts behind this habit, when leaving the historical data until ngayau greeted custom.
The enemy's head frame in the courtyard homes of old Dayak people.
Ngayau later evolved into the tradition of "Red Bowl". Red bowl begins between tahun1350-1389 when Dayak etnic starting position pushed by the tribes of other newcomers, such expeditions conducted by the kings of the island of Java. The most obvious example of the expedition that tried to conquer the Dayak ethnic expedition conducted by the Sri Rajasanegara (Hayam Wuruk) who tried to conquer the Malays Peninsula, and Borneo Tumasik-English.
The attack was very threatening position of Dayak etnic, then among the tribal leaders held an agreement: If one of the areas under attack, the chiefs in the areas of moral shall provide assistance as quickly as lightning. This Agreement at a later date is more popularly known as "Red Bowl".
Why is it called "bowl of red"? of course, this is background. Color bowls filled with blood rather yellowish, tebuat from clay materials with high approximately 2.5 centimeters, in diameter less than 7 inches. In the Dayak language, it is called korangk bowl. Functions can vary, depending on the situation-conditions.
In normal circumstances, korangk function the same as regular bowl. But in a state of emergency, could mean a sign korangk death, if he is filled with chicken feathers, dripping blood, tangui (cap bits), yellow rice and ashes. All things in this bowl symbolizes that the Dayak ethnic brave men, never give up, and tireless.
Red bowl passed around a chain of one village to another village, as the official announcement of war from the heads of the Dayak etnic. Within the last half century can be recorded, Red Bowl 11 times reduced.
Kronolog ethnic conflict between Dayak and Madurese in Kalimantan
Year Conflict
Mass of 1950 Fights Madurese migrants and Dayak etnic first broke. This conflict claimed in large numbers. The cause is unclear.
1968 A Head Sungaipinyuh, Pontianak District, called Sani, killed by Madura's farmer. Farmers were disappointed because of the sub-district refuse to serve business letter making the land purchase. The farmer who can not accept the stated reasons, direct
Sani stabbed to death.
Mass and 1967 Fight the expulsion of ethnic Chinese residents do Dayak. Around 50 thousand people fled to the Sarawak Chinese. This conflict is more due to political factors, rather than between-ethnic conflict. Chinese accused the government of Indonesia to the People's Army accomplice North Borneo is branded a communist.
1976 riots between Dayak-Madurase.
Cangkeh murder triggered, a Dayak farmer, who conducted some people are mad Madurese migrants as a shouted by Cangkeh just about mowing the grass at his home.
The clashes broke out again in 1977. This time in Singkawang, Sambas district. Robert Lonjeng, a police Dayak tribe slaughtered a young man of Madura. The young man apparently black eye after a war of words with Robert, who rebuked the young, angry because his sister asked to go to late at night. Robert was killed instantly by the blow of the youth celurit (typical weapons of Madura). Madurese who courted her sister.
1979 Two years later, in Salamantan (at this time I was in high school. I joined to keep a daughter boarding from a mass invasion), still including the Sambas regency, Sidik, a Dayak farmers killed disabet celurit Asmadin Madurese origin. Asmadin
angry when prohibited from mowing the grass at a house owned by Sidik.
Mass fight, kill each other ensued. A total of 21 people were killed and burned 65 homes destroyed. Fortunately, this warnot increase. Because, reinforcements from the Madura reportedly consists of two boats full of men, had followed and back to the land requested by the Regent of Madura at the time. To prevent the repetition of events, founded the Peace monument Salamantan after the peace performed the ceremony.
1983 In Sungaienau, AMBAWANG, Pontianak, fights erupted between ethnic Madurese and Dayak. Triggers, Djaelani murder, a peasant farmer Dayak Madura
because of land conflicts.
Fights between young people of 1993.
Fights Pontianak caused some casualties. Losses also fell The church burned by Queen Mary's School of Peace and Loving Agape Christian Abdi by a group because it is considered as a place gathering Dayaks.
1996-1997 •Fights exploded in the eighth Sanggauledo, Sambas. Action is an anti-Madura
originated from a fight the two tribes a show at dangdut Ledo, 20 kilometers from Sanggauledo. A group of young women teasing Madura and women. Bakrie, son pairs Dayak and Madurese, offended and
sabbed Yokundus and Takim, Dayak youth, so that entry hospital. Yokundus friends had a tantrum and attack social transmigration areas and Marabu Lembang. Local residents transmigration is already blurred. Thus, young reprimand that was burning the houses vacated.
• Round two riots occurred
when a group of masked men set fire to the office and Cooperatives Yayasan Karya Sosial Pancur Kasih owned Dayak tribe. Kill each other even after Sartinus Nyangkot, Head of Village Maribas, Tebas, massacred a group of young men killed Madura Returning confronting her graduation ceremony, Mary Ulfa, in Pontianak. Noted, this event killed nearly 200.
1999, Conflict between the Madurese, Malays, Bugis, who later also involve
Dayak, broke out in Sambas, West Kalimantan. A total of 265 people have died (252 Madura, 12 Malays, a Dayak), 38 injured weight, nine minor injuries. Property destroyed: more than 2330 houses burned and destroyed 164 masses, four cars burned and damaged six, nine motorcycles were burned and the one was destroyed.
This starts from revenge attacks hundreds of cases Madura of Rambaian Village and its surroundings to Paritsetia Village, Sub Jawai. This incident killing three people and three serious injuries in the ethnic Malays. Strangely, the very security forces detained an ethnic Malays, not the citizens of the attacker. Previously there
Besides the case, Rudi, youth from Madura, Bujang attack Labik the Malays, with celurit. Because of Rudi offense gawk at the city's transportation kernet not pay due
fee. After that, a conflict erupted between Dayak etnic and Madura.
There all new cases. Ibrahim, a young man of Madura, carrying homemade firearms Pemangkat Market. Considered swagger, He rebuked some people. Abraham was happy and there was conflict. Afterwards, Ibrahim returned to the house. Whoever perpetrators, suddenly found four people dead Madura, three Perapakan Village and a Village Sinam. Involvement Dayak in this ethnic conflict triggered by the killing of Martin Amat, oil palm plantation workers from Salamantan by a youth. The host's car was burned.
There is still another story, Bugis is also involved. The story begins with a war of words between youth Madura and Bugis, Madurese want to watch for free road race in the main terminal Singkawang. He threatened to Kualasingkawang attack. So, too, adopted Bugis machete. 2001 The conflict between the Dayak and Madurese erupted in Sampit, Central Kalimantan. Based National Commission notes Human Rights, the victim fell achieve approximately 400 inhabitants. According to police data, 319 more homes
burned and about 197 others were damaged. There various versions that triggered the case of ethnic strife between the tenth it. From the story of the killing of a pregnant woman to revenge citizens Madura over unrest in Kerengpangi, East Kotawaringin.
Gawai Burong
We have seen that ngayau historical background. Now it's time talking about the dimensions ngayau ritual. The first thing to underline is that this is not ngayau be removed from the cult of the god of war, the god Singalang Burong. He was regarded as a war lord, the king of Helmeted bird species. Holding Gawai Burong because the gods demanded it.
There are two other names for the employees Burong, namely Gawai Gawai Tempalang and Pala. This party is important enough, can be seen from the long ceremony which can take up to 3 days. Among the preparations made in connection with the party resembles Burong Gawai Helmeted bird. On the first day of this feast, Dayak men carrying offerings, while others again follow the glorious procession and stopped at a tree, which will be held Burong Gawai.
Offerings are placed under the tree, and the birds are caught on the previous day are slaughtered, its blood sprinkled on the ground with the intention that God Singalang Burong came after he smelled the bird's blood.
If this has been done, then turn now to cut down the tree. One side was carved, then carved it should be brought home and was greeted with a sense of villagers are the sculptor, is dedicated to the heroes who successfully fought Dayak in headhunting.
The statue looks fantastic tenyalang, colored in such a way, given the ornaments that actually have aesthetic value. Burong Gawai still be subdivided into three stages.
First day of Gawai burong
On the first day of Gawai Burong, devoted to completing Tenyalang bird sculptures. At today dihidangkanlah of food and beverages. Profuse abundance to every guest.
Host a party would be considered cheap if the party is not Burong Gawai someone drunk on wine, and who became korbanbiasanya men. They were "forced to" drink lots of beautiful women by offering wine to his mouth as he beteriak that, "weh, weh, weh". The man who offered him wine to drink until tungkal (drunk so didn’t realize).
At the party Burong Gawai Dayak women the most beautiful dress they had, marched on a regular basis with a yellow rice and paddy. They were led by a dancer, who wore full battle dress, holding a sword and shield while demonstrating (reconstruct) the war.
After the dance finished, the dancers will be yellow rice sprinkled into the air and fall to the audience right in the head. Of the dances that come out of the dayak force. The music that moves the spirit of the dancers smoothly a high social significance, as well as religious significance. Therefore, a kind of dance is not just a superficial performance, but-and especially-refers to a sacred power.
Second day of Gawai Burong
On the second day of Gawai party Burong, birds hornbills or artificial kenyalang paraded with great fanfare and a special song sung to him.
On day two, Tenyalang parallel pole mounted. Yellow rice, rice and other offering materials delivered to the solemn Tenyalang. Meanwhile, the carrier-carrier offerings threw him pork and chicken meat, after the first victim's blood smeared.
Preparation for Tenyalang Gawai in Sarawak.
Photo: Hedda Morrison.
Head earned enemies in the war on the second day of Gawai Burong party placed in a huge brass platter. Made him a dish of food and drink specifically as well. Quite horrible, that some of the food and beverage offerings that will be inserted into the skull's mouth. If there is still remaining, the rest of the food and beverages must be placed in front of him until the ceremony is complete.
Except Tenyalang statue, made also pandongk (stage) and hanging charms on it. Similarly, other war materials such as: saber, sword, chopsticks, shields and spears; should be hanged together amulet.
Then, people who got the assignment to read the incantation up pandong, dancing around my head; a severed head, while singing incantations. There are two singers wore custom core.
If it is considered necessary (eg if the number of heads so many) then the two singers could be assisted core five to six other singers, so much fun. They will sing alternately punctuated each line of the incantation. But some specific mantras sung together. The officers must wear traditional clothes yan hung down below her ankles, they also carried a cane in his hand while dancing, denagn feet narimenghentakkan regular rhythm.
Singing incantations taken time duration Gawai party is obliged to choose Burong epic story that illustrates the traditional figure of a hero Dayak. This epic story featuring the most frequently Klieng, a hero who does not have both.
Narrated, on his return from the war, Klieng Gawai is always a party in honor Burong god of war. The story is deliberately chosen, to excite their hearers to make Klieng as an ideal figure.
Really fantastic, that song is epic Klieng can take up all night long. Readings spell held at eight o'clock that night and just ended the next day. They sang chants in charge never rest, but only stopped for a moment alone at midnight.
Gawai burong day of the third
On the third day, the last day of Gawai Burong, all the audience out of the house into a place called Tanju. Each carried sendri food and drink separately.
The most typical of the third day of Gawai Burong is that should be taken along a pig alive. Usually tribal leaders apart from ordinary people, they DDI beautiful rug, which has been prepared specifically for them.
Since leaving gendering continuous sound. Live pigs paraded in such a way, then slaughtered witnessed by all present. When the puncture on her neck babidan not berdayak, all the audience cheered with delight.
They keep berteiak hysterically, until you see a bird flying in the air. The bird is the manifestation Singalang own Burong indicating that he received regarding the victim offered to him. Thus, the entire series Burong Gawai party has resolved and the audience returned to their homes with joy.
Ijuk party
Fibers is the palm, the palm-wine from the stems of water can be obtained. If someone had followed Gawai Burong several times, then Ijuk party no longer needs to be done. Distinctiveness of this party is the long pole and installed on the top put a pot of water wine. These offerings dihunjukkan to Singalang Burong. Ijuk party only lasted a day.
Balian Ceremony
Balian is analogous to the practice of shamanism. Only difference, healers held if a person (or group) is considered the pain caused by the anger of the gods.
Formulation healers prescribed such that only certain people are biased to enable it. The materials for this shaman ceremonies are chicken meat, cakes, yellow rice, young coconut leaves, sabang leaves, eggs and wine. Jars placed in the middle, and the victims are prepared on a the (altar). Near the hospital installed the tree symbolizes life. When the quasi're ready, then builders and healers began the ceremony with sabang he leaves fanning the sick while reading (singing) incantations.
In essence, there are at least three ideologies that underlie the practice of shaman.
First, with the soul of the shaman ceremony will be normalized back pain. Here we see a view of Dayak etnic dualism that separates body and soul, because according to Dayak etnic belief, the sick could be due to disharmony of soul and body; the shaman ceremony will harmonized back.
Second, the shaman, it is expected that the spirits that disturb the nest and the sick so that the spirits that disturb the needs driven by balia ceremony.
And third, the shaman will remove all kinds of mysterious objects or animals are lodged in the patient's body one of the umu incantations used when holding a shaman ceremony the following chant.
Tulung babongkar, babongkar samua panas di badan jangan tertinggal, mambongkar samua, biar menyisih muga melayang tempo angin, muga melongsong dari embangan, muga meluwa dari gendongan, lalu kacampak dipukul ombak, lalu terserei di karang tajam, lalu tergalang di karang bonda, lalu tercampa, laut Selebu muga selamat, harung badannya teda rahayu, dendang kurungnya, teda selamat, teda rahayu semua menyinta, sama meneda.
Meaning:
Come help raise, let's help all suffering from heat up the body eliminate all spending all gone extinct in order to wind down, so that a hurricane was rushed extinct, that bounced off a scarf, that protruded from the pack and then dumped, hit the waves so that the pointy t stabbed rock , and slammed the big rocks on the sea and struck Selebu aagr the whole body becomes white so comfortable, so that the patient feels good, we ask for salvation for the soul in confinement, we ask for health, we ask for welfare, we all ask.
Not everyone ceremony healers led. To be master of ceremonies, the individual must have specific calls from the gods, and calls it happen time of the ceremony healers.
All of a sudden someone gets visions, he became so scream visions to catch him. As a result of visions that someone becomes unconscious, unconscious. Once conscious again, he would tell her experience to meet with the Holy One, and at that moment that a shaman would be ordained.
Ceremony birth
Birth ceremonies for Dayak etnic more emphasis on ancestral traditions. However, not necessarily mean the dimensions of the ritual does not exist. We can divide the ceremony there are three kinds of birth.
Time of Birth
At the time the child is born a simple ceremony marked by cutting the cord. Then, just as important, give a name to him, because the name of the Dayak's family has a very important meaning. It was thought, bahwanama also determine the fate of the child in the future.
Bathroom
Bath ceremony is usually done on time 40-day-old child. Baby bathing ceremony, when the sun began to move in the horizontal point, which symbolizes new life.
Dayak ethnic assume, in the morning ajahat spirits still asleep, so the baby can memandika ceremony go smoothly without any interruption. While bathing the baby's ceremonial leader is usually performed by village midwives who delivered the baby's mother.
Circumcision
Dayak etnic also know the habits of circumcision. The ceremony was held ahead of a Dayak man went up. Before the ceremony goes on, people who will be circumcised first soak in a river. That is, so later when circumcised, Kult approach to software; so that pain can be reduced.
However, not all men do the tradition of circumcision. Ot Danum interest only are required every male circumcision among circumcised because the tribe is a social phenomenon. That is, if someone is not circumcised he will receive criticism, especially from women.
Wedding ceremony
Marriage for Dayak etnic is a very important moment, because marriage is not merely a biological phenomenon alone but regarded as a dramatization or reconstruction of the creation myth of this world.
According to the Dayak ethnic assumptions, this universe happens because the gods in "up" there hold intercourse with the goddess in the "bottom" of this. Results antarkeduanya relationship was later produced this universe.
Seen from the socio-cultural dimensions, the Dayak ethnic marriage to a descendant of the forwarding process should be done. So the greater number of members of the tribe, the better, because then their existence would not be threatened by groups who want to attack him laib.
In times past, highly valued the birth of a boy than women. This is understandable, because in times of war the role of boys very prominent compared to women. That is why the man occupying the highest position among the Dayak ethnic.
The nature of marriage
For Dayak etnic ideal marriage is if the marriage was performed between one man with one woman (monogamy). Because of the marriage obtained monogamilah family welfare. So to achieve sustainability ethnic marriages among Dayak have laws that regulate traffic of the more popular wedding called Customary Law Marriage.
Wedding stages
There is no marriage among Dayak etnic, without knowing the stages. This stage is very important, because to achieve a legitimate marriage these stages must be fulfilled. There are five stages of marriage.
Botugok
Botugok is the first stage in the rhythm perkawinanetnis Dayak ceremony. At this stage of relatives of the groom's family meeting, to take a deal whether or not an application submitted to the candidate's wife with a man weighing all consequences may be caused by a marriage that later. For example, if the woman does not have a hereditary disease.
Consideration must not only be based on heredity, but also other considerations such as social status, economic background, skills and others. If all votes in a family meeting to meet persyarata, the male relatives will determine intermediaries to apply for the girl.
Ngusik atai nglamar
This second stage is to send an intermediary (Mr. Rope) to apply for her dream, which in the language called Dayak ngusik atai nglamar.
Botunang
If the application is received by the man the girl, then the agreement will be marked with a ring exchange ceremony that symbolizes loyalty. Violating an act of loyalty unbiased ditolelir, because among the Dayak ethnic loyalties occupy very high positions so that breaking a promise to apply customary law demands.
Period botunang (engaged) is also a deeper acquaintance stage for both prospective brides. It could happen, after a period of several months of such engagement, the marriage was null and void. But there are consequences, namely that the first who canceled the wedding, that's the wrong side. The wrong side have to pay customs, as determined in the customary law marriage.
Ponga
In the fourth stage of the Dayak ethnic marriages, namely Ponga, we've seen the sacred nature of marriage. At this time everything is prepared as the preparations for the party during Gawai.
In the evening the girl's family usually drinks wine served to the guests. Mr. rope with his entourage to ask questions to the girl in the form of rhyme or insinuations, and answered all the rhymes and insinuations by the girl's bride, or a representative.
After the ceremony was over, it's time the marriage ceremony. Both the bride sat biting down on a large gong and a mother put a coconut in front of them intact.
Groom then drove the spear into the coconut fruit. The whole coconut symbolizes the girl's virginity. Then, an indigenous leader swinging a rooster on the two heads of the bride, as he read the prayer, which essentially expects that both families were happy.
Ngkori monok
Last stage of the circuit sleuruh nuptial adalh ngkori monok (repatriated birds). Both the bride in turn visited the parents of each, and goodbye.
Dramatization of the universe
For Dayak, marriage is an institution to continue the descent, there is also malinkan religious dimension, namely that marriage is seen as a dramatization of the universe. Dayak etnic view that the universe is happening because of the sexual relationship between the gods "above" and the goddess "below.
Therefore, marriage is considered sacred, and at times encouraged the audience ceremony to rethink how the early universe happened. Dayak ethnic marriage is a dramatization of this myth.
Sacred nature of marriage is also marked by various rituals, such as the slaughter of a rooster and a hen, which symbolizes the unity of the soul of men and women.
Chicken blood was stirred with a feather and then smeared on the forehead and certain parts of the body of the intending spouses. The purpose is to act spirits fine not to interfere, because both families have been sealed with chicken blood.
Master of ceremonies was the chairman of the customary marriage. When will start the ceremony, he took the rice that has been available in a small bowl and sprinkle into each of the four winds. Time of rice was then spread to both families with the intention to bring good fortune scattered for their lives in the future.
Funeral
Death for Dayak etnic is not the end of everything. But according to Dayak etnic view, the death of momentum in where resettlement occurs. The dead say back to the gods and lived where the gods lived. With the demise of a Dayak, then he returned and entered into the kingdom of his ancestors.
So the death of the Dayak ethnic outlook was never seen with a negative lens. Death is opening a new chapter to enter another's life. Because the dead are considered "not finished", then the death is always a big concern for the Dayak etnic. Caution was evident in the various ceremonies performed in connection with the death.
Tiwah
Tiwah or celebration of the dead, is typical of the Dayak ethnic Ngaju. Tiwah means seseuatu apart from the previously allowed or not allowed. Tiwah aims to bring the dead arwahh circumstances in heaven and length bias ceremony takes up to 33 days.
But for the Dayak etnic Klemantan little else. Dayak ethnic Klemantan have their own ceremonies in connection with the death, that is what is more popular with employees called Antu (ghost).
Gawai Antu
Preparation of bias funeral lasted for days, all close relatives were asked their participation helps. Gifts of money or goods prepared for the most meritorious in preparation for this funeral.
Gawai Antu is no specific time period to have it. This employee cost is very expensive, because it was custom-nundanya delaying for years. Even bias also gawai Antu party together and the cost borne together well.
Because Dayak etnic assume, that the dead (especially someone prominent who frequently consulted him) is always ready to help the people who are still alive, then it may invite the spirits when Gawai Antu.
Dayak etnic think it does not matter. They will invite the spirits by sending a small boat, called Lumpang and one of the preparatory ceremony membuatmenumen Gawai Antu is a grave warning.
The women mengnyam bamboo handicrafts made from all kinds of imitation and then the results will be hung on the grave with the belief that dead people can use it. If the funeral preparations for a man, then was made ornaments made of bamboo spears, spears, hats and gear of war in the cemetery. And if for women should be prepared tanunan tools, fish baskets, tools and winnow to pound rice.
When the preparation has been done, the ceremony in place. Once the ceremony Gawai Antu - shot in a cemetery - will begin, marked by the singers of the Dayak ethnic best.
Ceremony begins at dusk, because according to Dayak etnic belief, the spirits of the world trip "there" to duani "here" so far and it took at least one day. Funeral hymn sung without ever stopping until morning, same time with wine drinking ceremony jointly between the yag living and the dead.
Medium that brings the dead and those alive when a portion of Gawai Antu adalh wine that had been prepared in a special urn.
Not everyone lives dare to drink with the spirits of the dead, only the brave and the Dayak warriors have done it. Ceremonial drink the wine along with it come with horrible shouts and unconscious. When this happens, then it's a sign they had united with the spirits of people died.
Departure ceremony bala (eject everything bad and evil)
Dayak language decline in reinforcements means cast out the spirits, cast out the disease. So starting ceremony reinforcements mean bias: religious ceremony to ward off evil spirits that disturb a village or village.
According to the Dayak ethnic beliefs, all kinds of diseases or plagues came from King Shit and therefore deemed necessary to conduct a religious ceremony for him away.
In a ceremony expel evil spirits is provided the victims of "replacement" of human life, namely the selection of animals used custom chicken. It means the animal is selected chicken, to "bribe" the King of Hell is about to wreak havoc. And when he saw the victim offered to him, he became lose heart and bring out the attack or pest disasters.
Purpose ceremony
Here is obvious, that the ceremony of departure reinforcements contain certain thoughts that want to take the heart of King Shit. Seems also that the origin of all diseases can be "controlled" people with the ceremonial ritual or a particular ritual, so that we can say that the nature of the ceremonies is du ut des (I give so you give).
Thus, it is almost all Dayak ethnic rhythms of life and then become ritualistic because everyday lives of their victims so dominated by speculative thought they were dominated by the victim. As a result, victims have Dayak in a mystical magic, which is the mystery, which is more powerful than the gods.
The purpose of departure ceremony reinforcements are cast out demons, or pestilence, with a substitute sacrifice human lives to the King of Hell. Then make the sacrifice to his knees defeated gods, so that the victim becomes a dayak / stand-alone force. Victim, according to the assumption of Dayak etnic, is part of the absolute and desired by the Supreme substances from the beginning.
Implementing ceremony
Departure ceremony on the implementation of these reinforcements we can split them up into three stages, among others.
Preparation
The first thing to do in the first stage of the ceremony is starting reinforcement materials such as palm wine ceremony, yellow rice, Lemang and two chickens. Two chickens were selected, a large tail and a small tail again. Great to be slaughtered as a sacrifice, a little while still allowed to live as a victim instead. In this preparation was also made a raft of banana stems that later on when the ceremony will be swept away starting reinforcements together sacrifice.
Ceremony on the river
Bala departure ceremony took place in a river. The raft of banana stem prepared in advance by the river, while ipemimpin ceremony at his home to the audience explaining the purpose of departure ceremony bala.
After giving an explanation, the audience together in contrast to the stream. Master of ceremonies began the ceremony by reciting the starting bala-spells Matera, to inform the King of Hell so that he can no longer send "reinforcements" to the village for a replacement "reinforcements" have been prepared
Washout raft
Little chicken left alive on the raft moored already available. Master of ceremonies will read this incantation.
“Rari penyakit,rari! Anyut basamo rakit tuk, bayah ngaru kami agik sebab kami dah diganti manok; ntik mauk makant makantlah manok tuk.”
Meaning:
Run the disease, run! Drifting along with the raft, do not disturb us anymore because we have been replaced by chicken. If you want to eat, eat this chicken.
After reading spells, ceremonial leader of the raft washed away along with the live chicks and the same time it also gone missing then all the diseases that have been disturbing the peace of the village residents. With these reinforcements departure ceremony all citizens are save of the village from disaster.
Other religious ceremonies
Except for major ceremonies Dayak ethnic religious said as before, there is another religious ceremony; but less important and not compulsory (optional ceremony). However, for those who perform the ceremony itself and the reward signal, that they are truly religious appreciation of and intense.
Dream
Not inevitable, that in every religion there are certain primitive elements superstition, so here we will see in the Dayak etnic indigenous religion.
Dayak ethnic sense of living in fear of supernatural forces believed in the dream, which is said to be a means in which the Transcendent, the Holy One, the not-understood can usually express its will to men.
That is why the Dayak etnic always meet the desires of the can-not understand that every time a dream. For example, if someone dreams, that god of a particular animal then asked to be filled the next day. Offerings or the victim is given a religious ceremony.
Bird sign
Dayak etnic is a great observer, they see signs of birds. Birds were seen as a manifestation of the spirit Singalang Burong. So if a bird had entered the homes of the Dayaks, a special ceremony to be held with preparing offerings for Singalang Burong.
Recovering from an illness
If the household member suffering from a disease which, according to rational calculations he must die for it but instead he recovered from illness, the family of the patient is usually a simple ceremony. The ceremony was intended to thank the gods that have been cured.
Mandi Rumah (Bath House)
Ceremony held shower house every time Dayak etnic will occupy the new house. Ceremony performed with the intention that the house and its occupants are protected from disasters such as fire, burglary and vandalism. New homes sprinkled with the blood of the sacrificial animal. That is why this ceremony is called a "bath house".
NB.
This article may be cited for academic purposes, not for business purposes, on condition that must identify the source and author's name.
Sambas ( Three Ethnic Groups ) in Painting
I've come to the painting exhibition in Jakarta. An art show, displaying a typical nuanced portrait of West Kalimantan. A total of 40 paintings ethnic Dayaks, Malays, and Chinese display in the Gallery Mini, Japanese Cultural Center.
As known, the Dayaks, Malays, and Chinese are the majority tribe of West Kalimantan. Of the three tribes that formed the word "Sambas" which means: three tribes (sam = three, bas = tribe). This etymology comes from the Khek language used everyday conversations in Sambas.
Me and Mr. Tukidi in front of the royal palace Sambas.
Outsiders often confused, why the three tribes were able to get along. But I do not. I am knowledgeable, long before Indonesian independence, the three tribes have agreed. Will support each other if there is need. If one tribe attacked outside parties, other tribes must help.
Hence, the Sambas Riot the casus belli was a private dispute originated from the Malayo-Madura. But then so massive and involve other tribes. There is history. All three tribes have agreed to an alliance since colonial times.
Back to the topic, or writing plummet. For ten days, four artists from Kalbar held paintings. They are Kurniawan, Zulkiflie MS, Jayus, and Sahih. With the theme "Feel scratch West Kalimantan", the four painters tried to raise the local color of West Kalimantan. Through paintings, they try to show not only the atmosphere and lifestyle of its people, but also natural wealth contained in the earth's equator.
Through the paintings, the painter was about to lift the image and it the name of their homelands. Although that stood out was the local color, the painter capable of displaying a variety of shades in a painting. All four using oil paint in the pouring their creations; though one of them, Jayus, which in addition to using oil paint, also using mixed media.
Judging from the object and motive of scratches, the four painters can be classified into naturalist painter. This is evident in the choice of themes that emphasize the natural wealth, such as the flora and fauna. Some again, highlighting the social life of local communities.
That is why, in spite of the painters in terms of age young practically, the results have shown their paintings in the artistic maturity. Typically, young children can not get out of his world. More often than younger children and their world perpetuating themselves, rarely chose that theme outside.
Although the paintings on display highlight local color, but the diversity remains a major force. Each artist tried to express the local color through scratches the canvas. They explore the local color in accordance with their reception, in accordance with their observations of the natural, social, cultural, and local color.
Not surprisingly, if later the paintings were included in the broad themes that they create. Because a painting is also a communication, the artists establish communication with the arts community. That is why, in addition to the art lover, who came to see the painting exhibition of young children are mostly citizens of West Kalimantan are living in Jakarta and surrounding areas.
Local color with a mystical perspective try Sahih appointed painter. He represents ethnic Kalbar, which through the magic point of view highlighting the themes Mask I, Spirit II, Two Power, and barbarity.
As humans, Sahih could not seem to escape from personal interest. The paintings of artists born 3 November 1967 Pontianak this process color composition and shape. There was no other impression, but the mystical, from the visitors on the work of this Sahih.
Through this short brush strokes, Sahih make small plots like those found in the bamboo room. This technique is not performed on all areas of the canvas, but only on certain parts. That way, the painter creates polished posture.
Although abstract tends to flow (because of the mystical), Sahih still managed to display the decorative pattern. This is evident in the painting titled Spinner Adu. Each time after harvesting the rice, the Dayak race held a top game. In the Dayak language, the game was called "bapangka gasingk".
Kurniawan is another thing. Pontianak young painter born on May 30, 1978 shows the exploration of line and shading. Various kinds of lines, ranging from straight lines, curved lines, and horizontal lines into the creative source in the painting. With the help of the media in the form of oil paint, Kurniawan the selected object raises a dynamic impression. Subtle shading and light can increase the power of expression. Object choice in Kalbar unique fauna, such as: Cats, Birds Honey, Black Cat, and hornbill.
Unfortunately, the expressive artistic technique and beautiful fauna objects, less so successful in human object. This can be seen in the portrait of a Dayak girl under the heading "Smile". Painting impressed improper, because Kurniawan in perpetuating the object tend to choose the style of realism.
Still with the natural theme Kalbar, MS Zulkiflie artists a number of paintings. Objects that are selected are generally attractive, and famous. Arowana fish (- Latin) often appear in his paintings. One of the most impressive painting is a painting entitled Dynamics and Enchantment arowana.
The young artist was born knowing right Pontianak, arowana is one of the fauna of the West Kalimantan lately rise. These fish kept in aquariums lot, it costs millions of dollars. In the past, the fish are clustered at the mouth of the river in this spawning season, made of salted fish. I often eat it. My mother likes to cook the leaves mixed with mashed sweet potatoes. Delicious! Local name silok Arowana fish.
In addition to perpetuating the wealth of fauna, Zulkiflie also displays the local community cultural wealth (China). This is evident in his paintings titled Lion Dance, Dragon Festival, and the tradition Calcium carbide cannon.
On the object worked on, highlighting the technical Zulkiflie relying on color composition. His paintings are full of dynamism. He seemed to search deep and very long. Because of that, so full of charm painting, as seen in the dynamics of objects Arowana fish painting.
"Nature, culture, and society of West Kalimantan is my inspiration that never dry," said Zulkiflie.
"Painting entitled Dynamics arowana I made in 1996, showing the dynamics of the fish. Arowana known dynamic, can never rest. Always moving, his eyes swiftly led to the prey. Arowana is always in a position ready to pounce on something which was supposed food. Indeed, her fingers were ready jumped. This object immortalized through painting realistic painter, with a detailed color, combined with the perspective silhouette," he added.
While the painting on a canvas titled Lion dance made in 2000, Zulkiflie shows another side of the painting. Sweep of his hand on the canvas this time more wild and free. Precisely so, this work is then impressed expressive. Clashing colors, but the impression remains in a neat and orderly.
While other painters, Jayus Agustono, appear with abstract painting. Most of his paintings using mixed media. Jayus appear with social colors.
Still a long road West Borneo, four young artists in a career as a painter. This is the first time they held the exhibition in Jakarta, maybe someday they'll be traveling. Provided still emphasize local color, the four artists will undoubtedly still have a place in the hearts of lovers of art, especially painting, because it has identity.
Art is the outer beauty, as well as the representation of the soul and the idea of an artist. He is the artistic work that does not stand alone. As an outward manifestation, which was indeed only a painting. However, there are real big ideas in there who want to express.
The beauty of Borneo is not only reflected in the painting. Also present in the inhabitant's soul. Especially in the soul of the artist ....
As known, the Dayaks, Malays, and Chinese are the majority tribe of West Kalimantan. Of the three tribes that formed the word "Sambas" which means: three tribes (sam = three, bas = tribe). This etymology comes from the Khek language used everyday conversations in Sambas.
Me and Mr. Tukidi in front of the royal palace Sambas.Outsiders often confused, why the three tribes were able to get along. But I do not. I am knowledgeable, long before Indonesian independence, the three tribes have agreed. Will support each other if there is need. If one tribe attacked outside parties, other tribes must help.
Hence, the Sambas Riot the casus belli was a private dispute originated from the Malayo-Madura. But then so massive and involve other tribes. There is history. All three tribes have agreed to an alliance since colonial times.
Back to the topic, or writing plummet. For ten days, four artists from Kalbar held paintings. They are Kurniawan, Zulkiflie MS, Jayus, and Sahih. With the theme "Feel scratch West Kalimantan", the four painters tried to raise the local color of West Kalimantan. Through paintings, they try to show not only the atmosphere and lifestyle of its people, but also natural wealth contained in the earth's equator.
Through the paintings, the painter was about to lift the image and it the name of their homelands. Although that stood out was the local color, the painter capable of displaying a variety of shades in a painting. All four using oil paint in the pouring their creations; though one of them, Jayus, which in addition to using oil paint, also using mixed media.
Judging from the object and motive of scratches, the four painters can be classified into naturalist painter. This is evident in the choice of themes that emphasize the natural wealth, such as the flora and fauna. Some again, highlighting the social life of local communities.
That is why, in spite of the painters in terms of age young practically, the results have shown their paintings in the artistic maturity. Typically, young children can not get out of his world. More often than younger children and their world perpetuating themselves, rarely chose that theme outside.
Although the paintings on display highlight local color, but the diversity remains a major force. Each artist tried to express the local color through scratches the canvas. They explore the local color in accordance with their reception, in accordance with their observations of the natural, social, cultural, and local color.
Not surprisingly, if later the paintings were included in the broad themes that they create. Because a painting is also a communication, the artists establish communication with the arts community. That is why, in addition to the art lover, who came to see the painting exhibition of young children are mostly citizens of West Kalimantan are living in Jakarta and surrounding areas.
Local color with a mystical perspective try Sahih appointed painter. He represents ethnic Kalbar, which through the magic point of view highlighting the themes Mask I, Spirit II, Two Power, and barbarity.
As humans, Sahih could not seem to escape from personal interest. The paintings of artists born 3 November 1967 Pontianak this process color composition and shape. There was no other impression, but the mystical, from the visitors on the work of this Sahih.
Through this short brush strokes, Sahih make small plots like those found in the bamboo room. This technique is not performed on all areas of the canvas, but only on certain parts. That way, the painter creates polished posture.
Although abstract tends to flow (because of the mystical), Sahih still managed to display the decorative pattern. This is evident in the painting titled Spinner Adu. Each time after harvesting the rice, the Dayak race held a top game. In the Dayak language, the game was called "bapangka gasingk".
Kurniawan is another thing. Pontianak young painter born on May 30, 1978 shows the exploration of line and shading. Various kinds of lines, ranging from straight lines, curved lines, and horizontal lines into the creative source in the painting. With the help of the media in the form of oil paint, Kurniawan the selected object raises a dynamic impression. Subtle shading and light can increase the power of expression. Object choice in Kalbar unique fauna, such as: Cats, Birds Honey, Black Cat, and hornbill.
Unfortunately, the expressive artistic technique and beautiful fauna objects, less so successful in human object. This can be seen in the portrait of a Dayak girl under the heading "Smile". Painting impressed improper, because Kurniawan in perpetuating the object tend to choose the style of realism.
Still with the natural theme Kalbar, MS Zulkiflie artists a number of paintings. Objects that are selected are generally attractive, and famous. Arowana fish (- Latin) often appear in his paintings. One of the most impressive painting is a painting entitled Dynamics and Enchantment arowana.
The young artist was born knowing right Pontianak, arowana is one of the fauna of the West Kalimantan lately rise. These fish kept in aquariums lot, it costs millions of dollars. In the past, the fish are clustered at the mouth of the river in this spawning season, made of salted fish. I often eat it. My mother likes to cook the leaves mixed with mashed sweet potatoes. Delicious! Local name silok Arowana fish.
In addition to perpetuating the wealth of fauna, Zulkiflie also displays the local community cultural wealth (China). This is evident in his paintings titled Lion Dance, Dragon Festival, and the tradition Calcium carbide cannon.
On the object worked on, highlighting the technical Zulkiflie relying on color composition. His paintings are full of dynamism. He seemed to search deep and very long. Because of that, so full of charm painting, as seen in the dynamics of objects Arowana fish painting.
"Nature, culture, and society of West Kalimantan is my inspiration that never dry," said Zulkiflie.
"Painting entitled Dynamics arowana I made in 1996, showing the dynamics of the fish. Arowana known dynamic, can never rest. Always moving, his eyes swiftly led to the prey. Arowana is always in a position ready to pounce on something which was supposed food. Indeed, her fingers were ready jumped. This object immortalized through painting realistic painter, with a detailed color, combined with the perspective silhouette," he added.
While the painting on a canvas titled Lion dance made in 2000, Zulkiflie shows another side of the painting. Sweep of his hand on the canvas this time more wild and free. Precisely so, this work is then impressed expressive. Clashing colors, but the impression remains in a neat and orderly.
While other painters, Jayus Agustono, appear with abstract painting. Most of his paintings using mixed media. Jayus appear with social colors.
Still a long road West Borneo, four young artists in a career as a painter. This is the first time they held the exhibition in Jakarta, maybe someday they'll be traveling. Provided still emphasize local color, the four artists will undoubtedly still have a place in the hearts of lovers of art, especially painting, because it has identity.
Art is the outer beauty, as well as the representation of the soul and the idea of an artist. He is the artistic work that does not stand alone. As an outward manifestation, which was indeed only a painting. However, there are real big ideas in there who want to express.
The beauty of Borneo is not only reflected in the painting. Also present in the inhabitant's soul. Especially in the soul of the artist ....
Rabu, 27 Januari 2010
Proboscis Monkey: Handsome and Beautiful Ape-dutch
Handsome, pretty, pug-nosed. Long and loud noise. That is the proboscis monkey (nasalis larvatus).
If one time you went to West Kalimantan do not ever forget to direct your eye to the unique wildlife along the banks of the river and the forest interior of Borneo. Because the sharp-nosed and hairy yellowish white, the locals call it "kera belanda". Often found clustered across the river, strong diving, then go back into the woods.
Not every animal can live in all places. There are animals that can live only in specific regions, associated with habitat commensurate with biological rhythms.
How intimate this lovers of proboscis monkey. What they think and feel? Ah, romance is not to fly by.
source image: Kathy MacKinon, Gramedia, 1986.
Just as the proboscis monkey which only live in Borneo and the surrounding forest. Because rare, these animals are protected by law. At will not be able to catch people and maintain proboscis monkey, because it would threaten the existence of sharp-nosed animal life is.
Foreign tourists who visited Borneo, usually never missed watching the doings of proboscis monkey, the following attractions are made. Therefore, they will choose to travel to the regional tourism proboscis monkey habitat.
Where should you when making eco-tourism see proboscis monkey lives? Go to the mangrove forests in Borneo and surrounding islands. If not then go into the forest in Tinyan and Somukau Jangkang districts, Sanggau where forests are dense and still a virgin.
Or go to far into the rivers are wide in the interior where the forest is still dense and virgin. It was there that inhabited the proboscis monkey habitat areas along the coast and rivers, especially in mangrove forests.
Because of the sharp nose, especially in the male and the hair color reddish, proboscis monkey of Borneo population is called "ape-Dutch". Proboscis monkey adult weights between 20-24 pounds. Build a beautiful, clean, shiny fur, making the eye-catching proboscis monkey. Large sharp nose like a bulb, making a handsome male and beautiful female.
These endangered species are recorded in the reporting of the oldest in 1848 by Hugh Low as follows, "...it is workable for its very long nose; it is a very fine monkey, in size approaching the orangutans, but much less Distinguishing in appearance. It is furnished wit a very long tail, and it is fur is particulary fine, and of the pretty Fawn color; it head is small; it feeds on fruit."
There are several explanations why the pug-nosed proboscis monkey. With a sharp nose, proboscis monkey would not survive much longer when the animal is submerged in the water.
In crowd, proboscis monkey often cross river diving, mangrove forests across the shaded water. This opportunity to invite the attention of crocodiles often, the only enemy proboscis monkey, to eat it. But once proboscis monkey can be dodged, darted to the surface of water, then jump to deftly capture one of the top branch.
It was very interesting watching these attractions, proboscis monkey as risking life for a very expensive show. When it is submerged, the water rippled and cause noise. Of the proboscis monkey one branch moved to another branch, and if the distance of the branches were far apart, the proboscis monkey would jump away and fell into the water, diving, and then came back into the water.
A sharp nose is also helpful to keep resonance sound generated when the proboscis monkey another call when the herd was in the thick forest, or when there is danger threatens. The danger would appear more clearly by the proboscis monkey. If there is danger, a sharp nose becomes erect and striking red. The same thing happens when the raging male proboscis monkey.
The sound is very distinctive proboscis monkey, long and loud. Hearing her voice from a distance, people are knowledgeable presence Kalimantan one of these monkeys. Although closely related, he was completely different from wau-wau -or in terms of local residents klampiau.
Proboscis monkey lives in the trees, but often to the land and the swimming-pool. Live in groups consisting of 12-17 tails. Multiplication with the birth of a child every birth. Therefore animals including proboscis monkey is endemic and the population is rare, to maintain the sustainability of these animals are protected by law. This animal is also called bakara, rasong, pika, bars.
A group of proboscis monkey often visited the mangrove plot for a long time, sometimes for months. Then, suddenly disappeared to find new areas where food is still widely available. Finding food in the morning and evening.
The main food of mangrove leaves (rhizophora) and kike, as well as flowers and fruit. Usually, after the leaves knocked kike to bare, proboscis monkey will find a flock of new land. When the leaves are threshed re-sprout, usually a new proboscis monkey will come back again.
No one proboscis monkey is called "Dutch monkey", because the proboscis monkey and the remarkably similar way as the doings of the Dutch colonial era in the archipelago.
After enjoying the sweetness of honey and then walked away ....
***
NB
This feature may be cited, not for business purposes, citing the source and the author's name.
If one time you went to West Kalimantan do not ever forget to direct your eye to the unique wildlife along the banks of the river and the forest interior of Borneo. Because the sharp-nosed and hairy yellowish white, the locals call it "kera belanda". Often found clustered across the river, strong diving, then go back into the woods.
Not every animal can live in all places. There are animals that can live only in specific regions, associated with habitat commensurate with biological rhythms.
How intimate this lovers of proboscis monkey. What they think and feel? Ah, romance is not to fly by.source image: Kathy MacKinon, Gramedia, 1986.
Just as the proboscis monkey which only live in Borneo and the surrounding forest. Because rare, these animals are protected by law. At will not be able to catch people and maintain proboscis monkey, because it would threaten the existence of sharp-nosed animal life is.
Foreign tourists who visited Borneo, usually never missed watching the doings of proboscis monkey, the following attractions are made. Therefore, they will choose to travel to the regional tourism proboscis monkey habitat.
Where should you when making eco-tourism see proboscis monkey lives? Go to the mangrove forests in Borneo and surrounding islands. If not then go into the forest in Tinyan and Somukau Jangkang districts, Sanggau where forests are dense and still a virgin.
Or go to far into the rivers are wide in the interior where the forest is still dense and virgin. It was there that inhabited the proboscis monkey habitat areas along the coast and rivers, especially in mangrove forests.
Because of the sharp nose, especially in the male and the hair color reddish, proboscis monkey of Borneo population is called "ape-Dutch". Proboscis monkey adult weights between 20-24 pounds. Build a beautiful, clean, shiny fur, making the eye-catching proboscis monkey. Large sharp nose like a bulb, making a handsome male and beautiful female.
These endangered species are recorded in the reporting of the oldest in 1848 by Hugh Low as follows, "...it is workable for its very long nose; it is a very fine monkey, in size approaching the orangutans, but much less Distinguishing in appearance. It is furnished wit a very long tail, and it is fur is particulary fine, and of the pretty Fawn color; it head is small; it feeds on fruit."
There are several explanations why the pug-nosed proboscis monkey. With a sharp nose, proboscis monkey would not survive much longer when the animal is submerged in the water.
In crowd, proboscis monkey often cross river diving, mangrove forests across the shaded water. This opportunity to invite the attention of crocodiles often, the only enemy proboscis monkey, to eat it. But once proboscis monkey can be dodged, darted to the surface of water, then jump to deftly capture one of the top branch.
It was very interesting watching these attractions, proboscis monkey as risking life for a very expensive show. When it is submerged, the water rippled and cause noise. Of the proboscis monkey one branch moved to another branch, and if the distance of the branches were far apart, the proboscis monkey would jump away and fell into the water, diving, and then came back into the water.
A sharp nose is also helpful to keep resonance sound generated when the proboscis monkey another call when the herd was in the thick forest, or when there is danger threatens. The danger would appear more clearly by the proboscis monkey. If there is danger, a sharp nose becomes erect and striking red. The same thing happens when the raging male proboscis monkey.
The sound is very distinctive proboscis monkey, long and loud. Hearing her voice from a distance, people are knowledgeable presence Kalimantan one of these monkeys. Although closely related, he was completely different from wau-wau -or in terms of local residents klampiau.
Proboscis monkey lives in the trees, but often to the land and the swimming-pool. Live in groups consisting of 12-17 tails. Multiplication with the birth of a child every birth. Therefore animals including proboscis monkey is endemic and the population is rare, to maintain the sustainability of these animals are protected by law. This animal is also called bakara, rasong, pika, bars.
A group of proboscis monkey often visited the mangrove plot for a long time, sometimes for months. Then, suddenly disappeared to find new areas where food is still widely available. Finding food in the morning and evening.
The main food of mangrove leaves (rhizophora) and kike, as well as flowers and fruit. Usually, after the leaves knocked kike to bare, proboscis monkey will find a flock of new land. When the leaves are threshed re-sprout, usually a new proboscis monkey will come back again.
No one proboscis monkey is called "Dutch monkey", because the proboscis monkey and the remarkably similar way as the doings of the Dutch colonial era in the archipelago.
After enjoying the sweetness of honey and then walked away ....
***
NB
This feature may be cited, not for business purposes, citing the source and the author's name.
River Crossing (modern fantasy)
Mr.Ali's house located on the edge of river. He has three children. They are Midun, Aaron, and Korah. All boys.
Midun strong and handsome son. Yellow skin clean. His eyes were clear. Strong muscles. Midun loved it boasted superiority. "I am the most powerful among us, is not it?" So he always said.
While Aaron was blessed with a melodious voice. In school, every time held singing competitions, she always won. Hobbies singing brought into the house. Not a moment passed without singing. "My voice is the most beautiful, is not it?" he said.
Feeling has advantages, and Aaron Midun despise their brother.
"You're the most Shining among us!"
"Yes, you look like a woman. Also, the nature of your nature! After all, you sound awful! "
So ridiculed by his brother, of course Karun feel sad. He was a gentle child. But that does not mean he is weak. He is a child who knows good manners and always respect other people. Frankly, in his heart, he wanted to prove that behind the gentleness that he kept his power. Someday, it will be demonstrated.
Home from school. It was raining heavily. They have long waited for. However, car pool never arrived.
"Let us go home. Just walk!" said Midun.
"Okay, I agree!" Said Aaron.
"What do you think, Run!" Midun asked. Aaron just smiled. His eyes showed he hesitated.
"Home? Walk? "
"Uh, you sissy. Coward!" sneered Aaron.
No matter was still drizzling, the moment that the two brothers ran away Karun. With a heavy step, forced Karun ran to catch up.
After walking for a long time, the three children finally enjoy the journey. Fun to come home from school on foot. Cooking school trip to pick up all the time. Variation calculated. Where in the way rain again. Kan added fun. Opportunity like this does not always there.
The house now looks. But to get there, requires struggle. Flooded roads. Deserve it, they thought. Car pool has been waiting for did not come. The river seemed to overflow to the street. Now, almost invisible bridge.
Filled with water up to ankle. Seeing the state of nature so, they still have pride.
"Small, ah! Did I not known as a boy gallant?" said
Midun. "I would have to cross!"
"I can. See it! "Aaron did not want to lose.
Both then took off his shoes. School bag held high. Without ba bi bu, both directly across. They left behind Karun still looking for a bamboo stick.
"Tolooong! Tolooong! "Cried Aaron. He slipped, because of his foot edge of the bridge. With a deft, Midun grabbed his hand. But because there is no balance, also participated Midun finally slipped and fell into a river.
Karun's ready, right out of bamboo sticks with his right hand. His left hand clutching a bridge pillar. His help the two brothers were also saved from harm.
"Thank you, Karun, for your help!" Midun said.
"Yes, without help," said Aaron, "we've drifted!"
"We're sorry. All this has humiliate you! "They said in unison.
Midun and Aaron was amazed. It turned out that behind the Karun gentleness, stored extraordinary reason. The mind is precisely what had saved her brothers.
Midun strong and handsome son. Yellow skin clean. His eyes were clear. Strong muscles. Midun loved it boasted superiority. "I am the most powerful among us, is not it?" So he always said.
While Aaron was blessed with a melodious voice. In school, every time held singing competitions, she always won. Hobbies singing brought into the house. Not a moment passed without singing. "My voice is the most beautiful, is not it?" he said.
Feeling has advantages, and Aaron Midun despise their brother.
"You're the most Shining among us!"
"Yes, you look like a woman. Also, the nature of your nature! After all, you sound awful! "
So ridiculed by his brother, of course Karun feel sad. He was a gentle child. But that does not mean he is weak. He is a child who knows good manners and always respect other people. Frankly, in his heart, he wanted to prove that behind the gentleness that he kept his power. Someday, it will be demonstrated.
Home from school. It was raining heavily. They have long waited for. However, car pool never arrived.
"Let us go home. Just walk!" said Midun.
"Okay, I agree!" Said Aaron.
"What do you think, Run!" Midun asked. Aaron just smiled. His eyes showed he hesitated.
"Home? Walk? "
"Uh, you sissy. Coward!" sneered Aaron.
No matter was still drizzling, the moment that the two brothers ran away Karun. With a heavy step, forced Karun ran to catch up.
After walking for a long time, the three children finally enjoy the journey. Fun to come home from school on foot. Cooking school trip to pick up all the time. Variation calculated. Where in the way rain again. Kan added fun. Opportunity like this does not always there.
The house now looks. But to get there, requires struggle. Flooded roads. Deserve it, they thought. Car pool has been waiting for did not come. The river seemed to overflow to the street. Now, almost invisible bridge.
Filled with water up to ankle. Seeing the state of nature so, they still have pride.
"Small, ah! Did I not known as a boy gallant?" said
Midun. "I would have to cross!"
"I can. See it! "Aaron did not want to lose.
Both then took off his shoes. School bag held high. Without ba bi bu, both directly across. They left behind Karun still looking for a bamboo stick.
"Tolooong! Tolooong! "Cried Aaron. He slipped, because of his foot edge of the bridge. With a deft, Midun grabbed his hand. But because there is no balance, also participated Midun finally slipped and fell into a river.
Karun's ready, right out of bamboo sticks with his right hand. His left hand clutching a bridge pillar. His help the two brothers were also saved from harm.
"Thank you, Karun, for your help!" Midun said.
"Yes, without help," said Aaron, "we've drifted!"
"We're sorry. All this has humiliate you! "They said in unison.
Midun and Aaron was amazed. It turned out that behind the Karun gentleness, stored extraordinary reason. The mind is precisely what had saved her brothers.
Deer and Crocodile
Deep in the jungle island of Borneo. ...
A walking deer looking for food.
After a long walk, he reached the bank of a river.
He can not jump the river and rushing water for it. What reason? The only way is to swim. Thus, any deer up the river bank with caution.
"Hey, stop!" A voice suddenly surprised her. "Do not ever cross this river."
"Why?" Asked the deer, surprised. "The time I cross the river now. Is not this the season of harvest for our nation? Grass and leaves flourish beyond. Let me cross! "
"No, no! Because ..., "said the snake," The river is very dangerous! "
"A lot of crocodiles in there, buddy. You'll be fine cuisine for them if only you were careless. "
The evening before, the day changed into night. After a long day of walking, the deer was exhausted. So he went to sleep. In his sleep, he dreamed.
There was a dense forest. Forests become the foundation of life of all creatures on earth. Forests sustain not only life of animals, but also plants and human beings. That's why, do some damage this forest.
In contrast, the forest must be maintained. In the woods that bring the water flowing all kinds of creatures. Vegetation surrounding receive blessings from flowing water. Deer do not know how to cross rivers. But he knew that the other side of the river have many friends. Well, he had a plan.
The night became morning instead. It is time now to continue the journey. When he set foot on the bank of the river, the crocodile deer call, "Hi crocodile, come here"
Swimming crocodile approached. Incidentally I was hungry, no food came, why I refused, he thought. Um, delicious. I'll be a big party.
However, what happened? Unexpectedly, deer instead rebuked. "Hey, stupid! I want you and your people get out of this river! "
"What did you say?" Crocodiles do not believe his ears. So far, all living creatures in the river and around the river was afraid of him. This river crocodile is the king.
"Get out of here!"
"Do not be arrogant, my friend! Behold, your body just only the tip of my tail. "
"To hell big or small. It's not a problem. The problem is, the number of my race much more than people. Although we are small, we are actually far more powerful and clever than the nation! "
"Nonsense!" Hue and crocodiles. "Certainly a lot more of our nation than the nation. We are the greatest nation in the river and this universe. "
"Can-can you say your people have more. But where's the proof?"
"Proof? Easy! If you want, right now flock crocodile show you, with one condition. If the number of my people more than the nation, then you'll be a meal for me. Deal with a proposal?"
"Agreed. Who's afraid? "Replied the deer. "Then, send your friends lined up neatly and meetings of this cliff to cliff there. That way, I could begin to count the number of you. "
Crocodiles do what's required deer. He is convinced, is the nation's most intelligent animals. So, in an instant, they were marched off a cliff to cliff.
"Well, well ... too many people. Now I start counting! "Said the deer.
"Calculate the speed dong!" Urged alligator, can not wait. While deer jumped from one crocodile's back to the back of another.
When the deer jumped from the back of a crocodile in the last row across the river, the crocodile said, "Right, we number more than the nation? Now you're my food! "
The deer just laughed ... "Thank you, comrade. You're indeed great, but your mind is very small. In contrast with our nation, deer."
Hear confessions and watched deer trick reason, the crocodile was furious. He wag its long tail. The tip is pointed and sharp, almost on deer body. Fortunately a block of wood.
With a cocky, deer walked away leaving the riverbank. Sign jungle again.
Now he joined again with another deers nations.
NB.
This story may be quoted, provided the source is mentioned.
A walking deer looking for food.
After a long walk, he reached the bank of a river.
He can not jump the river and rushing water for it. What reason? The only way is to swim. Thus, any deer up the river bank with caution.
"Hey, stop!" A voice suddenly surprised her. "Do not ever cross this river."
"Why?" Asked the deer, surprised. "The time I cross the river now. Is not this the season of harvest for our nation? Grass and leaves flourish beyond. Let me cross! "
"No, no! Because ..., "said the snake," The river is very dangerous! "
"A lot of crocodiles in there, buddy. You'll be fine cuisine for them if only you were careless. "
The evening before, the day changed into night. After a long day of walking, the deer was exhausted. So he went to sleep. In his sleep, he dreamed.
There was a dense forest. Forests become the foundation of life of all creatures on earth. Forests sustain not only life of animals, but also plants and human beings. That's why, do some damage this forest.
In contrast, the forest must be maintained. In the woods that bring the water flowing all kinds of creatures. Vegetation surrounding receive blessings from flowing water. Deer do not know how to cross rivers. But he knew that the other side of the river have many friends. Well, he had a plan.
The night became morning instead. It is time now to continue the journey. When he set foot on the bank of the river, the crocodile deer call, "Hi crocodile, come here"
Swimming crocodile approached. Incidentally I was hungry, no food came, why I refused, he thought. Um, delicious. I'll be a big party.
However, what happened? Unexpectedly, deer instead rebuked. "Hey, stupid! I want you and your people get out of this river! "
"What did you say?" Crocodiles do not believe his ears. So far, all living creatures in the river and around the river was afraid of him. This river crocodile is the king.
"Get out of here!"
"Do not be arrogant, my friend! Behold, your body just only the tip of my tail. "
"To hell big or small. It's not a problem. The problem is, the number of my race much more than people. Although we are small, we are actually far more powerful and clever than the nation! "
"Nonsense!" Hue and crocodiles. "Certainly a lot more of our nation than the nation. We are the greatest nation in the river and this universe. "
"Can-can you say your people have more. But where's the proof?"
"Proof? Easy! If you want, right now flock crocodile show you, with one condition. If the number of my people more than the nation, then you'll be a meal for me. Deal with a proposal?"
"Agreed. Who's afraid? "Replied the deer. "Then, send your friends lined up neatly and meetings of this cliff to cliff there. That way, I could begin to count the number of you. "
Crocodiles do what's required deer. He is convinced, is the nation's most intelligent animals. So, in an instant, they were marched off a cliff to cliff.
"Well, well ... too many people. Now I start counting! "Said the deer.
"Calculate the speed dong!" Urged alligator, can not wait. While deer jumped from one crocodile's back to the back of another.
When the deer jumped from the back of a crocodile in the last row across the river, the crocodile said, "Right, we number more than the nation? Now you're my food! "
The deer just laughed ... "Thank you, comrade. You're indeed great, but your mind is very small. In contrast with our nation, deer."
Hear confessions and watched deer trick reason, the crocodile was furious. He wag its long tail. The tip is pointed and sharp, almost on deer body. Fortunately a block of wood.
With a cocky, deer walked away leaving the riverbank. Sign jungle again.
Now he joined again with another deers nations.
NB.
This story may be quoted, provided the source is mentioned.
Eagles, not Chickens
In a country either nowhere ....
A chicken farmer in the barn behind his house. He also maintains a small chicken found in the woods. He mixed it with chicken companion. Although similar, this little chicken looks strange among the other chicken.
Although strange, this chick had no problem living among the animals and the winged fellow feathered birds in one cage. But he is still a chicken for hanging out everyday and act like a chicken, too. He tried to eat chicken. Learning paw with its claws. Learning crowed. And in an instant, he could.
The same is also little chickens others. Never know if the outside was so vast and free. Too much food is far more delicious than that presented in the cage. He did not know that there is blue sky above the roof. He had never felt the warmth of sunlight for never penetrate into the stable stall.
Until one day, a sage arrived. He said to the farmer, "Hey, the little that was not chicken. He is an eagle. "
So the farmer replied, "Uh, uh, no, no, no, my friend. It was chicken. Only behaved like a chicken. "
The wise man was asked politely, "Excuse me, Would the little you give me?"
"For what?"
"I back him to the habitat. He'll be a creature in the chicken, because he's a hawk."
And the farmer gives the tiny person knowledgeable in that.
The wise then took the baby chicks that looked strange was. He brought up the hill, waited until the sun rises. Then, put the weird chick in the direction of the sun and say, "Hey eagle, fly to the sky!"
Chicks was surprised. Immediately spread her wings. Spread. Then fly as high as high. Through the blue sky into the distance.
Similarly, God says to us, "You all are not chickens. You're an eagle. Spread your wings, eagle, fly!"
And God wants us to awaken ourselves, stretch and flap our wings. Then fly and soar, to grow as a person who is confident, good, and beautiful. Rise to compassion, gentle, more concerned with living creature.
Risen so what God wants: eagles, not chickens. Dig potential, develop talents. That is our responsibility as human beings.
A chicken farmer in the barn behind his house. He also maintains a small chicken found in the woods. He mixed it with chicken companion. Although similar, this little chicken looks strange among the other chicken.
Although strange, this chick had no problem living among the animals and the winged fellow feathered birds in one cage. But he is still a chicken for hanging out everyday and act like a chicken, too. He tried to eat chicken. Learning paw with its claws. Learning crowed. And in an instant, he could.
The same is also little chickens others. Never know if the outside was so vast and free. Too much food is far more delicious than that presented in the cage. He did not know that there is blue sky above the roof. He had never felt the warmth of sunlight for never penetrate into the stable stall.
Until one day, a sage arrived. He said to the farmer, "Hey, the little that was not chicken. He is an eagle. "
So the farmer replied, "Uh, uh, no, no, no, my friend. It was chicken. Only behaved like a chicken. "
The wise man was asked politely, "Excuse me, Would the little you give me?"
"For what?"
"I back him to the habitat. He'll be a creature in the chicken, because he's a hawk."
And the farmer gives the tiny person knowledgeable in that.
The wise then took the baby chicks that looked strange was. He brought up the hill, waited until the sun rises. Then, put the weird chick in the direction of the sun and say, "Hey eagle, fly to the sky!"
Chicks was surprised. Immediately spread her wings. Spread. Then fly as high as high. Through the blue sky into the distance.
Similarly, God says to us, "You all are not chickens. You're an eagle. Spread your wings, eagle, fly!"
And God wants us to awaken ourselves, stretch and flap our wings. Then fly and soar, to grow as a person who is confident, good, and beautiful. Rise to compassion, gentle, more concerned with living creature.
Risen so what God wants: eagles, not chickens. Dig potential, develop talents. That is our responsibility as human beings.
Selasa, 26 Januari 2010
The Origin of Pawan Hill
folktale from West Kalimantan
retelled by: R. Masri Sareb Putra
Traditional Dayak people are believed to be signs of nature.
Thus, in one night. A Tapang Perodah villagers heard the sound of birds. Usually, the bird sounds in the afternoon. If sing at night, the birds must have a certain marking.
Hear the birds given signal the residents meeting was held chaired by the village chief or commonly called "macan" (tiger). So it was decided to hold a tolak bala ceremonial.
With indigenous elders and shamans physicians counsel. To expel harm that will befall the village, they decided to make the party for three days and three nights. With the ceremony, they were hoping the gods would reject any danger that would threaten.
Very festive feast. Any cattle that are owned, brought to the ceremony to be slaughtered. Cows, oxen, goats, and chickens that had decent cut; brought to the ceremony to be victims. As for the rest is to eat until satisfied.
All the villagers are soluble in the fun party. They sing. They also danced. The young couple singing and dancing. The old joke at each other. Grandma and grandpa did not miss a laugh story. Anyway, nothing is gloomy in the day of the ceremony. All excited, because after the ceremony must have them all safe.
However, not all citizens share in the joy of late. In the village, life is also a grandmother. Nek Dara, the villagers used to call her because her hair was gray-haired old lady like a dove, white hairy. Granny Dara live alone. He was only accompanied by Pawan, her grandson who was legally responsible. Their lives are very poor.
Day and night the sound of the drum and then passed without stopping. Laughter to be continued by occasional cheers. Because of the poor, Grandma Dara and Pawan at the party uninvited. Therefore, they could only imagine. How delicious food and drinks served at the party.
Although poor, the grandmother and grandson maintain pangolin (manis javanica) and cats. Although a single forest animals, but because it withheld from the infant, the creature was so very tame. After all, they like to help. Cats like mice that are often blocked to enter the house. While the ants eat pangolin littering the house.
"Wan, go to the party. Ask for a piece of meat for us! "Said Granny Dara.
With feelings of shame, Pawan went to a party. He did not dare refuse. Besides, could not bear to hurt her very dear grandmother.
Arriving at the party, with no strings attached Pawan say the words. He was given a piece of meat by the party leader.
But on the way home, Pawan slip. Piece of meat fell from his hand. The dogs that followed him from behind, grabbed the meat immediately.
Pawan crying back home. He told her experiences to her grandmother. Grandmother tried to comfort her. Then gently try to persuade Pawan to ask once again.
What a shame to the party Pawan again. But he had no choice. Long they had to eat without meat. So once again left for Pawan to the party. How well the party leaders, still want to give him another piece.
This time, Pawan more vigilant. The experience taught him to walk more carefully again. "Grandma, Pawan came with the meat!" He once climbed the stairs to the house.
As known, the steps Sport Dayak tribe is very high. Can be up to three meters. Once stepping on the court house, Pawan feet stuck between the bamboo poles. Meat in her hand fell to the ground. Under the court, there is a puddle. A piece of meat that goes into it.
Pawan sobbing. He was irritated. This time the meat has been successfully brought into the house, but woe. Seeing his grandson crying, Grandma Dara suggested once again tried. Pawan then go to a party, ask again.
People were surprised to see that Pawan came for the third time. "This kid is outrageous," said a cook. "Do not know myself. Given one, ten asked."
But okay. He had a sense that the child was cured and never come back for the next time. Is not there a piece of rubber is usually used to start the fire? Rubber gave it to Pawan.
"This is meat that you are looking for. Go home and cook. Eat together with your grandmother. Have fun and glad you like us!"
Receiving generosity for the third time, Pawan home cheerfully. At home, his grandmother was waiting. Soon they were cooking meat.
But what happened? The longer cooked, the meat was melting. Pawan impatient. The food tasted. It was not like meat or poultry animals commonly eaten by people. Granny Dara also tasted it. Eventually the grandmother knew. That is given to them instead of meat, but a wad of gum.
Because the pain and humiliation to accept treatment like that, grandmother and grandson were crying. Nek Dara then called pangolin. He made the insect-eating animals dig holes from their home villages to cross the line. In an instant, pangolin was performing his duty.
Now called the cat. The animal was given clothes. The cat's neck was given a necklace with a red ribbon "Take it to the party. Arriving there, let go! "Granny said Dara on Pawan.
Pawan grandmother to oblige. Arriving at the party, the cat was taken off in the middle of bustling crowd. Pawan to go home. Everyone laughed at the cat. They all laugh. There are holding belly laugh.
Suddenly, darkness filled the whole village. The thunder hit. Lightning snapped grabbing. Instantly rowdy atmosphere. Heavy rain falls. Strangely, not water that down, but the stone.
None of the people who survived the hail. However, Granny Dara, Pawan, pangolin and the cat survived. They left the village through a tunnel that has been made pangolin.
Immediately, the village was filled with stones. Over time it becomes rock hill. That is the origin of Pawan hill.
That is also why people Ketapang District, West Kalimantan still hallow stone that lay along the cliffs and the basic Pawan River ....
Note:
This story may be quoted with permission of the author
retelled by: R. Masri Sareb Putra
Traditional Dayak people are believed to be signs of nature.
Thus, in one night. A Tapang Perodah villagers heard the sound of birds. Usually, the bird sounds in the afternoon. If sing at night, the birds must have a certain marking.
Hear the birds given signal the residents meeting was held chaired by the village chief or commonly called "macan" (tiger). So it was decided to hold a tolak bala ceremonial.
With indigenous elders and shamans physicians counsel. To expel harm that will befall the village, they decided to make the party for three days and three nights. With the ceremony, they were hoping the gods would reject any danger that would threaten.
Very festive feast. Any cattle that are owned, brought to the ceremony to be slaughtered. Cows, oxen, goats, and chickens that had decent cut; brought to the ceremony to be victims. As for the rest is to eat until satisfied.
All the villagers are soluble in the fun party. They sing. They also danced. The young couple singing and dancing. The old joke at each other. Grandma and grandpa did not miss a laugh story. Anyway, nothing is gloomy in the day of the ceremony. All excited, because after the ceremony must have them all safe.
However, not all citizens share in the joy of late. In the village, life is also a grandmother. Nek Dara, the villagers used to call her because her hair was gray-haired old lady like a dove, white hairy. Granny Dara live alone. He was only accompanied by Pawan, her grandson who was legally responsible. Their lives are very poor.
Day and night the sound of the drum and then passed without stopping. Laughter to be continued by occasional cheers. Because of the poor, Grandma Dara and Pawan at the party uninvited. Therefore, they could only imagine. How delicious food and drinks served at the party.
Although poor, the grandmother and grandson maintain pangolin (manis javanica) and cats. Although a single forest animals, but because it withheld from the infant, the creature was so very tame. After all, they like to help. Cats like mice that are often blocked to enter the house. While the ants eat pangolin littering the house.
"Wan, go to the party. Ask for a piece of meat for us! "Said Granny Dara.
With feelings of shame, Pawan went to a party. He did not dare refuse. Besides, could not bear to hurt her very dear grandmother.
Arriving at the party, with no strings attached Pawan say the words. He was given a piece of meat by the party leader.
But on the way home, Pawan slip. Piece of meat fell from his hand. The dogs that followed him from behind, grabbed the meat immediately.
Pawan crying back home. He told her experiences to her grandmother. Grandmother tried to comfort her. Then gently try to persuade Pawan to ask once again.
What a shame to the party Pawan again. But he had no choice. Long they had to eat without meat. So once again left for Pawan to the party. How well the party leaders, still want to give him another piece.
This time, Pawan more vigilant. The experience taught him to walk more carefully again. "Grandma, Pawan came with the meat!" He once climbed the stairs to the house.
As known, the steps Sport Dayak tribe is very high. Can be up to three meters. Once stepping on the court house, Pawan feet stuck between the bamboo poles. Meat in her hand fell to the ground. Under the court, there is a puddle. A piece of meat that goes into it.
Pawan sobbing. He was irritated. This time the meat has been successfully brought into the house, but woe. Seeing his grandson crying, Grandma Dara suggested once again tried. Pawan then go to a party, ask again.
People were surprised to see that Pawan came for the third time. "This kid is outrageous," said a cook. "Do not know myself. Given one, ten asked."
But okay. He had a sense that the child was cured and never come back for the next time. Is not there a piece of rubber is usually used to start the fire? Rubber gave it to Pawan.
"This is meat that you are looking for. Go home and cook. Eat together with your grandmother. Have fun and glad you like us!"
Receiving generosity for the third time, Pawan home cheerfully. At home, his grandmother was waiting. Soon they were cooking meat.
But what happened? The longer cooked, the meat was melting. Pawan impatient. The food tasted. It was not like meat or poultry animals commonly eaten by people. Granny Dara also tasted it. Eventually the grandmother knew. That is given to them instead of meat, but a wad of gum.
Because the pain and humiliation to accept treatment like that, grandmother and grandson were crying. Nek Dara then called pangolin. He made the insect-eating animals dig holes from their home villages to cross the line. In an instant, pangolin was performing his duty.
Now called the cat. The animal was given clothes. The cat's neck was given a necklace with a red ribbon "Take it to the party. Arriving there, let go! "Granny said Dara on Pawan.
Pawan grandmother to oblige. Arriving at the party, the cat was taken off in the middle of bustling crowd. Pawan to go home. Everyone laughed at the cat. They all laugh. There are holding belly laugh.
Suddenly, darkness filled the whole village. The thunder hit. Lightning snapped grabbing. Instantly rowdy atmosphere. Heavy rain falls. Strangely, not water that down, but the stone.
None of the people who survived the hail. However, Granny Dara, Pawan, pangolin and the cat survived. They left the village through a tunnel that has been made pangolin.
Immediately, the village was filled with stones. Over time it becomes rock hill. That is the origin of Pawan hill.
That is also why people Ketapang District, West Kalimantan still hallow stone that lay along the cliffs and the basic Pawan River ....
Note:
This story may be quoted with permission of the author
Golden Goose Egg (modern fantasy)
A newly country hit by natural disasters. Mountain erupted. The tide rises. Tornado destroyed houses. Flash flood swept rice paddies and fields. Make plants and animals die instantly. As a result, the population suffered a great famine.
In the country, there lived a poor widow. Her husband had died. The widow living with her son. They lived in a thatched hut and repose soil.
Neighbors and villagers no one cares to totter, and his mother. Therefore, their livelihood is very short. They do not have anything. The only property they have is a cow.
One day, swayed, the boy's name, asked her mother to the city. He was asked to sell a cow. The proceeds to buy food.
So go staggered into town to sell the cow. Unfortunately, because do not understand, someone had replaced it with something wrapped in a bag. The man was instructed, "Fill this bag do not you open. New to be opened upon arrival at home. "
Swaying to obey what the cow buyer. He did not dare argue.
T pity at home, her mother greeted with giddy delight. I wish the sale of beef can be bought for food. At the very least, they need sufficient food for a month.
"Mom, this is the result of our beef sales," he said handing the bag swayed. Her mother opened the bag.
When he saw the contents of kanttong, mother gasped. "Why would anyone make fun, son," she said plaintively, accompanied with tears.
"What, does not?" Staggered not understand. "Are the proceeds less?"
"No, son. Look at this! "I showed the bag to the inner harbor. Gosh! In it contains the seeds, not money, as befits people buying and selling.
Was filled with disappointment, she threw the bag into the yard. Small grains were scattered black, spilled over here.
However, there was something unexpected. A few days later, the seeds that grow into vines. Soon the plant height. Then went up the tree near the house. Apparently, bean seeds were magical.
One day, as curiosity overwhelmed, climbing unsteadily magic beans. He found a very large nest above the clouds. In it lay the golden goose egg. Include heart giddy joy.
Swaying picked. Apparently golden goose egg. He immediately dropped. Then immediately take him home.
Swaying then took a machete. He immediately chop magic beans. Plants growing vine it soon died. No one can climb it again.
Golden goose egg they sell immediately. The result buy food. Proceeds from sale of the golden goose egg is not just enough to meet their food needs of one month, but also for many years.
Swaying and his mother live happily. They thanked the cattle buyer. Swaying back to town to see him try. Unfortunately the old man is not there anymore.
***
Jakarta, January 2, 2010
R. Masri children's story writer, lecturer story telling, live in Tangerang.
In the country, there lived a poor widow. Her husband had died. The widow living with her son. They lived in a thatched hut and repose soil.
Neighbors and villagers no one cares to totter, and his mother. Therefore, their livelihood is very short. They do not have anything. The only property they have is a cow.
One day, swayed, the boy's name, asked her mother to the city. He was asked to sell a cow. The proceeds to buy food.
So go staggered into town to sell the cow. Unfortunately, because do not understand, someone had replaced it with something wrapped in a bag. The man was instructed, "Fill this bag do not you open. New to be opened upon arrival at home. "
Swaying to obey what the cow buyer. He did not dare argue.
T pity at home, her mother greeted with giddy delight. I wish the sale of beef can be bought for food. At the very least, they need sufficient food for a month.
"Mom, this is the result of our beef sales," he said handing the bag swayed. Her mother opened the bag.
When he saw the contents of kanttong, mother gasped. "Why would anyone make fun, son," she said plaintively, accompanied with tears.
"What, does not?" Staggered not understand. "Are the proceeds less?"
"No, son. Look at this! "I showed the bag to the inner harbor. Gosh! In it contains the seeds, not money, as befits people buying and selling.
Was filled with disappointment, she threw the bag into the yard. Small grains were scattered black, spilled over here.
However, there was something unexpected. A few days later, the seeds that grow into vines. Soon the plant height. Then went up the tree near the house. Apparently, bean seeds were magical.
One day, as curiosity overwhelmed, climbing unsteadily magic beans. He found a very large nest above the clouds. In it lay the golden goose egg. Include heart giddy joy.
Swaying picked. Apparently golden goose egg. He immediately dropped. Then immediately take him home.
Swaying then took a machete. He immediately chop magic beans. Plants growing vine it soon died. No one can climb it again.
Golden goose egg they sell immediately. The result buy food. Proceeds from sale of the golden goose egg is not just enough to meet their food needs of one month, but also for many years.
Swaying and his mother live happily. They thanked the cattle buyer. Swaying back to town to see him try. Unfortunately the old man is not there anymore.
***
Jakarta, January 2, 2010
R. Masri children's story writer, lecturer story telling, live in Tangerang.
Langganan:
Postingan (Atom)